中国青少年与父母交流性相关话题的状况分析

目的:了解目前我国家庭性教育开展状况及存在的主要问题,为进一步发挥家庭在青少年性与生殖健康教育中的作用提供依据。方法:采用分阶段抽样,对全国6个省城市和农村地区的5709例不同类型的青少年进行计算机辅助的自填问卷调查,调查青少年与父母交流性话题的状况及存在的障碍,并分析其影响因素。结果:50%的被调查青少年与父母亲交流过性话题,交流的内容主要为男孩女孩适宜的举止、友情、爱情与婚姻及人体生理知识。不与父母交流性话题的最大原因是感到不好意思,相当比例是父母在面对性话题时敷衍了事、避而不答或没有能力回答。多因素分析显示青少年与父母的性别、父母的文化程度、家庭结构、家庭氛围等因素影响了亲子间性话题的交流。结论:青少年与父母交流性相关话题非常有限,父母的观念和能力阻碍了亲子交流,应加强对父母的指导和培训,对不同特征父母培训的重点应有所侧重。

Study on the current status of adolescent-parent communication on sex-related issues in China

Objective:To investigate the current status of adolescent-parent communication on sex-related topics in China and its influencing factors,and to provide basic information on how to involve parents well in adolescent sexual and reproductive health education.Methods:A total of 5,709 adolescents of different characteristics from both urban and rural areas in six provinces were investigated anonymously with the method of computer assisted self-interview(CASI).Questions about the status of adolescent-parent communication on sex-related issues and its main obstacles were asked and the influencing factors were analyzed.Results:About half of the male and female adolescents had communicated sex-related topics with their fathers,while about half of the male adolescents and three fourths of female adolescents had communicated with their mothers.Their communication was mainly on the appropriate behaviors,friendship or romantic relationship of the adolescents and the knowledge of physical development.Adolescents were reluctant to communicate with parents mainly because of embarrassment,and a considerable proportion of them reported that their parents took a perfunctory or evasive way or were incapable of answering their questions.We found the gender of adolescents and parents,the parents' education,the family structure and family relationship influencing this kind of communication.Conclusion:The adolescent-parent communication on sex-related issues is still limited in China,and the parents' inability and conservative attitude compromises the communication.So it is necessary to strengthen the education for the parents.