临床营养学教学现状及在医学教育中的作用

目的通过对在校临床学生与临床医务工作者营养知识及需求情况调查,探讨针对目前医学教学现状加强临床营养学教育的必要性。方法采用问卷调查方法,对在校医学生及临床医务工作者进行包括调查对象的一般资料、主观态度、营养基础知识、临床营养知识、获取营养知识的途径及对临床营养知识的需求等的调查。结果开设临床营养学选修课后学生各项得分显著提高（P〈0.05）;护理人员得分高于其他临床医技人员;83.04%的临床专业学生、50.56%护理专业学生认为营养知识对临床工作有帮助,但83.48%的临床专业学生、88.66%的护理专业学生不熟悉临床营养的评价方法;61.13%的临床医务人员认为在校所学营养知识不能满足临床工作需要。结论选修临床营养学课的学生各项营养知识得分明显提高,多数学生认为临床营养学对临床工作有帮助但不熟悉临床营养学的评价方法,故应根据现有教学资源结合实际需要对临床营养学的教学手段、课程结构、教学基地、实验教学等进行改革,培养学生临床营养学的学习兴趣,提高学习效率。

The status of clinical nutriology teaching and its function in medical education

Objective To survey nutrition knowledge needs and requirement status for medical students and phy- sicians, and to discuss the necessity of enhancing nutriology education based on the current status. Methods Question- naire survey was conducted among medical students and clinical personnel. Information on demograhpics, subjective atti- tude, basic nutrient knowledge, clinical nutrient knowledge, pathway for obtaining nutrient knowledge, and needs for clinical nutrient knowledge was collected. Results The students＇ questionnaire scores were improved significantly after leaning clinical nutriology （P〈0.05）. The scores of nursing personnel were higher than those of other clinical medical staff. 83.04% of clinical medical students and 50. 56% of nursing students thought that clinical nutrient knowledge was useful for clinical practice, but 83.48% of clinical medical students and 88. 66% of nursing students did not understand clinical nutrient evaluation methods. 61.13% of clinical doctors considered that nutrient knowledge learned in medical school didn＇ t satisfied clinical practice requirements. Conclusion The students＇ questionnaire scores significantly in- creased after leaning clinical nutriology. Most of the students thought that clinical nutrient knowledge was useful for clinical practice, but could not handle clinical nutrition evaluation methods. Based on the results, it was recommended to improve instruction strategies, curriculum, education facilities, and experimental education to promote students＇ interest and learn- ing efficiency.