中国四城市13-15岁初中生酒精和其他药物滥用现状调查

目的了解中国四城市13～15岁初中生有关酒精和其他药物滥用的现状.方法于2003年9月采用两阶段整群抽样方法,抽取北京、杭州、武汉和乌鲁木齐4市25所中学的初中学生,进行问卷调查,利用Epi Info软件完成数据分析.结果在7344名初一至初三年级的13～15岁学生中,36.5%的学生尝试过饮酒,14.4%的学生在调查前30天内饮过酒,9.9%的学生曾经喝醉酒,5.1%的学生曾因为喝酒而陷入麻烦;使用过其他成瘾性药物的学生占1.6%,且存在城市间差异.随着年级的增高、年龄的增大,发生饮酒和其他药物滥用情况的比例逐渐增高;男生的比例明显高于女生.在调查前一学年中,51.9%的学生接受过饮酒知识教育,27.6%的学生接受过拒酒技能教育.结论目前四城市13～15岁初中生中发生饮酒和其他药物滥用行为的情况比较严重,针对不同地区、不同性别、年龄青少年的特点,开展安全饮酒和药物滥用预防健康教育非常必要.

Alcohol consumption and drug use among middle school students 13-15 in 4 cities of China

Objective To provide data on alcohol consumption and drug use among middle-school students aged 13-15 in 4 cities of China, and to provide evidence for developing intervention strategies on adolescents alcohol and drug use. Methods Standardized sample selection process of two-stage clustersampling was used in middle-school students in Beijing, Hangzhou, Wuhan and Urumchi. A selfadministered questionnaire survey was conducted in Sept. 2003 and data was analyzed by Epi Info software. Results Among 7344 students from grade 1 to 3, 36.5 % had tasted while 14.4% had drunk alcohol in the past 30 days. 9.9% had experienced drunkness, 5.1% had been in trouble because of drinking, and 1.6% had ever used illegal drugs. Significant differences had been found in all the cities. Higher graders, older students and boys had higher rates of alcohol and addictive drug use than low graders, younger students and girls. 51.9 % had been taught on take alcohol safety and another 27.6 % on skills of rejecting alcohol, during the past school year. Conclusions The current situation of alcohol and addictive drug use among Chinese middle-school students aged 13-15 seemed to be quite critical, suggesting that it is necessary to carry out relevant health education in accordance with different characteristics in area, gender and age of the students.