MicroRNA-34家族的功能及应用研究进展

MicroRNA-34(miR-34)家族包括 miR-34a、miR-34b、miR-34c，与人体正常发育及多个器官功能的维持密切相关。miR-34的表达受抑癌基因p53和长链非编码RNA（long non-coding RNAs, lncRNAs）的调控，其表达失衡会导致一系列疾病的发生发展。miR-34 与肿瘤发生发展密切相关，主要通过阻碍细胞周期、诱导细胞凋亡与自噬、抑制上皮-间充质转化、阻止细胞迁移与侵袭等机制发挥抑癌作用。不断有新的证据表明miR-34在神经修复与心脏保护中也发挥着重要作用。miR-34功能的发挥主要涉及NF-κB、Notch等多个信号通路，基于miR-34 表达的调控有利于部分疾病的控制和转归，是潜在的临床诊治靶标，具有广阔的临床应用前景。因此，本文就miR-34家族得功能及应用进展作一综述，为后续研究提供参考。

Role of microRNA-34 cluster and its therapeutic potential: a review of the literature

MicroRNA-34 (miR-34) cluster includes miR-34a, miR-34b and miR-34c, which are closely related to the normal development of human body and the maintenance of multiple organ functions. The expression of miR-34 is regulated by tumor suppressor gene p53 and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Its unbalanced expression will lead to the occurrence and development of a series of diseases. MiR-34 is closely related to tumorigenesis and development. It plays an anti-cancer role mainly by blocking cell cycle, inducing apoptosis and autophagy, inhibiting epithelial mesenchymal transformation, and preventing cell migration and invasion. There is new evidence that miR-34 also plays an important role in cardiac protection. The function of miR-34 mainly involves NF-κB, Notch and other signaling pathways. The regulation based on the expression of miR-34 is conducive to the control and prognosis of some diseases. miR-34 is a potential target for clinical diagnosis and treatment, and has broad clinical application prospects. Therefore, this paper reviews the function and application progress of miR-34 cluster to provide reference for follow-up research.