Cardiovascular risk factors and outcome in patients with retinal vein occlusion |
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Authors: | Mirko Di Capua Antonio Coppola Rosina Albisinni Antonella Tufano Anna Guida Matteo Nicola Dario Di Minno Ferdinando Cirillo Marcello Loffredo Anna Maria Cerbone |
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Institution: | (1) Regional Reference Centre for Coagulation Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy;(2) Present address: Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Sciences, AORN Monaldi, Naples, Italy;(3) Department of Ophtalomological Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy; |
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Abstract: | The pathogenesis and treatment of retinal vein occlusions (RVO) are largely unclear. Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors
and of thrombophilic abnormalities was evaluated in 117 patients (61 M, 56 F; mean age 51 ± 13 years) with a history of RVO
(62 central, CRVO; 48 branch, BRVO; 7 both) and in 202 age- and sex-matched control subjects. Cardiovascular outcome after
a mean 8.2 year follow-up was recorded for 90 patients. Arterial hypertension was significantly more frequent in patients
than in controls (64.9 vs. 28.2%; adjusted OR 4.5 95% CI 2.4–7.9; P < 0.0001), as well diabetes mellitus (17.9 vs. 7.9%; P < 0.05). Antithrombin, Protein C, Protein S and homocysteine levels, lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibodies, FV
G1691A and prothrombin G20210A polymorphisms were comparable in the two groups, nor were different according to RVO localization
or to the age at event. BRVO patients were significantly older (55 ± 9 vs. 47 ± 15 years; P = 0.002) and had higher prevalence of diabetes, overweight and hypertension (29.2 vs. 8.1%; 83.3 vs. 58.1%, 79.2 vs. 56.5%;
P always <0.05). In 58/90 (64%) patients for whom clinical follow-up was available, new vascular events were recorded (coronary/cerebral,
n = 38); only 22 patients (24%) received long-term antiplatelet agents (mostly aspirin 100 mg/d), with lower, but not statistically
significant, prevalence of overall vascular recurrence (45.4 vs. 70.6%, P = 0.06). High rate of vascular recurrence is shown in patients with previous RVO, in which conventional cardiovascular risk
factors play a major role, especially in BRVO and in older patients. |
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