慢肺动脉栓塞的外科治疗现状

肺动脉栓塞(pulmonary thromboembolism, PTE)发病率、死亡率高,临床上漏诊、误诊严重,少数患者发展为慢性肺动脉栓塞.慢性肺动脉栓塞所致的肺动脉高压内科治疗效果不佳、预后不良,经过近2个世纪的逐步认识及临床实践,认识到体外循环低流量或间断停循环下进行肺动脉血栓内膜剥脱术是治疗该病的有效手段.术后肺动脉高压、再灌注肺水肿仍是主要并发症和手术死亡的原因,术后积极有效地防治肺动脉高压、再灌注后肺水肿和积极抗凝,预防再次栓塞是外科治疗慢性肺动脉栓塞成功的关键.

The status quo of surgical treatment of chronic pulmonary thromboembolism

The high incidence and mortality rates existed in chronic pulmonary thromboembolism(PTE), with considerable misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis rate. The prognosis for patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension was poor with medical therapy. But the pulmonary thromboendarterectomy was well established.The postoperative pulmonary hypertension and reperfusion pulmonary edema are main complications and death causes. The key management after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy is important which decreases pulmonary hypertension , and prevents reperfusion pulmonary edema and re thromboembolism.