Effort reward imbalance, and salivary cortisol in the morning |
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Authors: | Eller Nanna Hurwitz Nielsen Søren Feodor Blønd Morten Nielsen Martin Lindhardt Hansen Åse Marie Netterstrøm Bo |
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Affiliation: | a Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Bispebjerg Bakke 23 DK-2400 Copenhagen NV Denmark b Copenhagen Business School, Denmark c Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Nykøbing Falster Hospital, Denmark d National Research Centre of the Working Environment, Denmark |
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Abstract: | BackgroundEffort reward imbalance (ERI) is suggested to increase risk for stress and is hypothesized to increase cortisol levels, especially the awakening cortisol response, ACR.MethodsIn 2006 and 2008, 480 individuals collected saliva samples at awakening and 30 min post-awakening. Mixed effects models with subject as a random effect and appropriate covariates were used to evaluate associations between the Effort Reward Model, and salivary cortisol at awakening (S0), and ACR.ResultsERI was negatively and significantly associated with S0 for women and positively associated with ACR. S0 and ACR increased significantly from 2006 to 2008.ConclusionERI was significantly associated with cortisol levels at awakening (inverse association) for women, and positively associated with ACR. The population experienced a significant increase in morning cortisol levels and ACR from 2006 to 2008, which may originate in a re-organization of the included work places. |
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Keywords: | Salivary cortisol ACR Work stress Effort Reward Model Organizational change |
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