白内障摘除及人工晶状体植入术后低视力原因探讨

目的:探讨白内障摘除及人工晶状体植入术后低视力的主要原因及处理方法。方法:回顾分析2000年1月~2004年5月行白内障摘除联合人工晶体植入术的外伤性白内障188 眼、合并青光眼者89 眼、合并2 型糖尿病者122 眼、葡萄膜炎27眼、高度近视61眼,单纯性老年性白内障100眼(对照组),术后3个月低视力的发生率及导致低视力的主要并发症。结果:术后3个月视力低于0.3者外伤性白内障为26.07%、合并青光眼组为29.21%、合并2 型糖尿病组为25.41%、高度近视组为30.04%、葡萄膜炎组为18.51%、对照组为8%,前5组与对照组相比P<0.01,均有显著性差异。结论:眼部原有疾病和已波及眼部组织的全身性疾病是导致低视力发生的主要因素。充分的术前准备、娴熟的手术技巧和正确的术后处理可减少低视力的发生率。

Investigation of the Cause of Low Vision after Cataract Extraction and Intraocular Lens Implantation

Objective: To explore the major cause and management of low vision after cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation. Methods: 487 eyes of cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation from January 2000 to May 2004 were analyzed retrospectively, which were divided into 5 groups: 188eyes of traumatic cataract,89 eyes of cataract and glaucoma,122 eyes of cataract and diabetes mellitus,27 eyes of cataract and uveitis, 61eyes of cataract and high myopia.100eyes of single age- related cataract were selected as controls. After 3 months of operation, major complications and the incidence rate of low vision were analyzed. Results: The visual acuity that was <0.3 after 3 months of operation were 26.07%, 29.21%, 25.41%, 30.04%, 18.51%and 8% in 6 groups respectively. There was significant difference between the 5 study groups and the control group (P< 0.01). Conclusion:The eye disease before operation and the systematic disease involving the eye were major factors of low vision. Enough preparation before operation, Skillful surgical technique and proper management after operation operation may decrease the occurrence of low vision.