线粒体对米色脂肪细胞的调控作用

肥胖是由于长期能量摄入大于消耗，使过剩的能量以脂肪形式储存于脂肪组织或者其他部位。脂肪组织适应性产热的激活能够促进能量消耗及改善糖脂代谢，是肥胖治疗的关键。棕色脂肪细胞和米色脂肪细胞均参与产热，成人体内产热脂肪的特性更接近于米色脂肪，即具有储能/耗能双向切换模式，在被寒冷或肾上腺素激动剂等诱导激活后适应性产热增加。 产热脂肪细胞主要通过线粒体中的解偶联蛋白1将化学能转化为热能释放。近期研究发现线粒体动力学、质量控制、代谢产物以及线粒体本身作为细胞间信号传递的载体在米色脂肪细胞生成和功能维持方面也发挥重要作用。文章对米色脂肪细胞中线粒体的特征及线粒体对米色脂肪生成和功能的调控进行综述。

The regulatory effect of mitochondria on beige adipocytes

Obesity is caused by a long-term excess of energy intake over expenditure which leads to the storage of excess energy as fat in adipose tissue or other tissues. The activation of adipose tissue dependent adaptive thermogenesis could increase energy expenditure and improve glucose and lipid metabolism，which is promising target for obesity. Both brown adipocytes and beige adipocytes participate in thermogenesis. Thermogenic adipocytes in adults are more close to beige adipocytes which have the capability to switch between an energy storage and energy dissipation phenotype，and could be activated by cold or adrenegic stimuli. Mitochondrial protein uncoupling protein 1 in thermogenic adipocytes could dissipate energy as heat. Recent studies have found that mitochondrial dynamics，quality control，metabolites and itself as the signaling organelles play vital roles in regulating beige biogenesis and function. This review will discuss the characteristics of mitochondrial and how mitochondrial regulate beige adipose tissue.