不同出生体重儿0～6岁体格生长水平特点

为了解不同出生体重儿的生长发育规律，对巨大儿、早产低出生体重儿、足月小样儿和正常出生体重儿0～6岁的体格生长特点进行分析。结果显示：巨大儿在各年龄段的体重、身高和体块指数均为4组之最，其次为正常出生体重儿，低出生体重儿最小。体重增长速度在出生后头3个月以早产低出生体重儿最快，足月小样儿次之，巨大儿最慢；12个月以后，4组的体重增长速度接近相等。身高增长速度在生后头3个月以巨大儿最大；但3～12个月内，早产低出生体重儿生长最快。营养不良和矮身材发生率在低出生体重儿中最高，而肥胖发生率以巨大儿最高。提示应针对不同出生体重儿进行早期的生长监测和干预。

Study on the characteristic patterns of growth changes in children aged from 0 to 6 years old with different birth weight

To explore the rule of growth and development in children with different birth weight, four groups of children including macrosomia, pre-term low birth weight infants, full-term low birth weight infants, and normal birth weight infants were studied. The results showed that the growth of weight, height and BMI in macrosomia group at all ages was the fastest followed by the normal birth weight group, and the low birth weight group was the lowest. The growth velocity of weight increment in pre-term low birth weight group in first three months period of life was the greatest followed by the full term low birth weight group, and the macrosomia group the lowest. After 12 months, the growth velocity of weight increment was virtually equal in these four groups. The growth velocity in height raising in the macrosomia group at their first three months period of life was the highest, but the growth velocity of height raising in the pre-trem low birth weight group turned to be the fastest in 3 to 12 months after birth. The incidence of malnutrition and stunting in the low birth weight group was the highest at different ages,while the incidence of obesity was the highest in the macrosomia group suggesting that monitoring and intervention should be given to those infants with different birth weight as early as possible.