农药百菌清和氯氰菊酯对蚕豆根尖细胞遗传损伤的研究

背景与目的： 研究不同浓度农药百菌清、氯氰菊酯对蚕豆根尖细胞的遗传损伤。 材料与方法： 分别用不同浓度的农药百菌清(5×10－10～5×10－4 g/L的7种浓度)、氯氰菊酯(5×10－10～5×10－4 g/L的7种浓度)处理蚕豆根后，测定蚕豆根尖细胞的微核率、有丝分裂指数和染色体畸变率。 结果： 百菌清、氯氰菊酯均能诱发较高的微核率，百菌清在5×10－10～5×10－6 g/L浓度范围内和氯氰菊酯在5×10－10～5×10－8 g/L浓度范围内，均随百菌清、氯氰菊酯处理浓度的升高而致使蚕豆根尖细胞的微核率增加(P<0.05)，但高于一定浓度(在百菌清为5×10－6 g/L，在氯氰菊酯为5×10－8 g/L)后微核率反而呈下降趋势；不同浓度的百菌清和氯菊酯农药均可使蚕豆根尖细胞有丝分裂指数增大(P<0.05或P<0.01)；并能诱导蚕豆根尖细胞产生较高频率的染色体畸变，且为多种类型的染色体畸变。 结论： 农药百菌清、氯氰菊酯对蚕豆根尖细胞具有明显的遗传损伤。

Genotoxicity of Chlorothalonil and Cypermethrin on Vicia Faba Root Tip Cells

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The genotoxicity of chlorothalonil or cypermethrin on vicia faba root tip was studied by using micronucleus test technology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Micronucleus assay and chromosomal aberration assay were used to determine the mitotic index, the micronucleus frequency and chromosomal aberration frequency of Vicia faba root tip cells induced by different concentrations of chlorothalonil and cypermethrin. RESULTS: Chlorothalonil and cypermethrin could increase the micronucleus rate of vicia faba root tip cells. Within a certain concentration range(5×10－10－5×10－6 g/L chlorothalonil, 5×10－10－5×10－8 g/L cypermethrin), the rate of micronucleus increased with increasing concentration of chlorothalonil or cypermethrin, but decreased with further increase in concentrations. The cell mitosis index increased in different concentrations of chlorothalonil or cypermethrin. Besides, various types of chromosome aberration were also induced. CONCLUSION: Chlorothalonil and cypermethrin could produce apparent genotoxicity on Vicia faba root tip.