急诊科护士创伤后应激障碍流行病学特点及危险因素

创伤后应激障碍(Post traumatic stress disorder,PTSD)是对创伤等严重应激因素的一种重度精神反应,它发生在经历过灾难性事件的人群或特殊职业人群,对PTSD的研究利于结合医学、护理学与社会心理学知识来提高疗效。综述了国内外文献中急诊科护士PTSD的流行病学特点及危险因素,认为急诊科护士PTSD发生率高于一般人群,其危险因素包括创伤性事件、与工作相关的压力源、个体易感因素、社会支持及社会历史文化因素。指出护士是护理事业的主体,其身心健康直接关系到护理服务质量,呼吁社会各界高度重视急诊科护士PTSD问题,关注护士的身心健康,促进急救护理事业的发展。

Epidemiology characteristic and risk factors of post traumatic stress disorder of nurses in emergency department

Post traumatic stress disorder(PTSD),a serious mental disorder after a traumatic incident,takes place not only in crowds who are victims,but also in professional groups.The study on PTSD will promote the effect of the treatment of medicine,nursing and social psychics.Epidemiology characteristic and risk factors of PTSD of nurses in emergency department in China and abroad were reviewed,and it was suggested that probability of PTSD of nurses in emergency department was higher than that in normal people,which should be paid great attention to.The risk factors were traumatic incident,stressors related with work,individual sensitive factor,social support and factor of social culture.The author pointed out that effective intervention should be taken actively to maintain both physical and mental health of nurses,which have relationship with nursing quality,and accelerate the development of emergency nursing by reducing the risks largely.