Pollution-Tolerant Allele in Fingernail Clams (Musculium transversum) |
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Authors: | B L Sloss M A Romano R V Anderson |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Biological Sciences, Western Illinois University, 1 University Circle, Macomb, Illinois 61455, USA , US |
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Abstract: | For nearly 50 years, the fingernail clam (Musculium transversum) was believed to be virtually eliminated from the Illinois River. In 1991, workers began finding substantial populations
of M. transversum in the Illinois River including several beds in and around the highly polluted Chicago Sanitary District. In order to determine
if populations of M. transversum from polluted sites exhibited any genetic response to the high levels of toxins and to examine the genetic structure of several
populations of M. transversum for any changes due to the population crash, starch-gel electrophoresis was performed on M. transversum from three Illinois River localities and four Mississippi River basin locations. The sampled populations produced an inbreeding
coefficient (FIS) of 0.929, indicating that the populations were highly inbred. The results of a suspected founder effect due to a bottleneck
was suggested by an FST= 0.442. The isozyme Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase-2 (Gpi-2) produced allelic frequency patterns that were consistent with expected patterns of a pollution-tolerant allele. Polluted
sites exhibited elevated frequencies of Gpi-2
100
whereas nonpolluted sites exhibited elevated frequencies of Gpi-2
74
. This frequency pattern suggested that natural selection was occurring in populations under severe toxic pressures, leading
to an increase in the frequency of the allele Gpi-2
100
. Therefore, Gpi-2
100
is a possible pollution-tolerant mutation in M. transversum.
Received: 29 June 1996/Accepted: 8 February 1998 |
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Keywords: | |
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