Utility of percutaneous renal biopsy in chronic kidney disease

Background: We tested the hypothesis that patterns of serum creatinine concentrations (S‐cr) prior to percutaneous renal biopsy (PRB) predict the utility of PRB in safely making renal diagnoses, revealing treatable disease, and altering therapy in chronic kidney disease patients. Methods: PRB specimens (170 patients) were assigned to 1 of 5 groups: S‐cr never greater than 0.11 mM for at least 6 months prior to PRB (Group 1); S‐cr greater than 0.11 mM but less than 0.18 mM during the 6 months prior to PRB (Groups 2); S‐cr less than 0.18 mM during the 6 months prior to PRB but greater than 0.18 mM prior to these 6 months (Group 3); S‐cr greater than 0.18 mM for less than 6 months prior to PRB (Group 4); S‐cr greater than 0.18 mM for more than 6 months prior to PRB (Group 5). Results: Histopathology chronicity score (0–9) increased with increasing group number: 2.1 (Group 1); 4.4 (Group 2); 4.5 (Group 3); 5.4 (Group 4); 7.0 (Group 5). Post‐PRB bleeding was more common with increasing group number. New therapy was instituted after PRB most frequently in Group 4 (62%) and least frequently in Group 5 (24%). Conclusion: After more prolonged elevations of S‐cr, PRB may be less safe and less likely to reveal treatable disease and opportunities for therapy.