西南地区中老年人群超重及肥胖流行状况与影响因素分析

目的：探讨西南地区中老年人群超重及肥胖流行状况与影响因素。方法采用分层随机整群抽样的方法，采取问卷调查和体格检查相结合的方式，共收集2008～2010年重庆及成都地区城乡40～79岁常住居民（ n＝7205）的有效数据，包括年龄、腰围、臀围、舒张压、心率、餐后血糖、三酰甘油、锻炼频率、尿酸等调查内容，描述西南地区中老年人超重、肥胖的患病率及在城乡、男女人群中的分布特点，探讨超重及肥胖的相关影响因素。结果2008～2010年西南地区中老年人超重率为35．91％（城市37．02％，农村32．92％，男性33．84％，女性37．41％）；肥胖率为11．40％（城市11．13％，农村11．40％；男性8．94％，女性12．84％）；其中，城市超重率高于农村，女性超重率高于男性。女性肥胖率高于男性（ P＜0．01），城乡肥胖率差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。多因素回归分析显示，缺乏运动、超重或肥胖家族史是男性超重及肥胖的危险因素，城乡差异、缺乏运动是女性超重及肥胖的危险因素。结论西南地区中老年人群超重、肥胖率高，有接近一半的人体质量超过正常标准。应在社区加强超重及肥胖相关的健康教育，遏制该地区人群超重、肥胖的严峻形势，对于心脑血管疾病防治有着重要意义。

Prevalence status of overweight and obesity among middle age and elderly people in southwest area and their influence factors

Objective To investigate the prevalence status of overweight and obesity among the middle‐aged and elderly pop‐ulations in southwest area and their influence factors .Methods By adopting the stratified cluster sampling method ,the mode of the questionnaire investigation combined with the physical examination was adopted to collect the effective data in 7 205 permanent resi‐dents aged 40-79 years old in cities and countries of Chongqing and Chengdu ,including the contents of age ,waistline ,hipline ,dias‐tolic blood pressure ,heart rate ,postprandial blood sugar ,triglyceride ,exercise frequency ,uric acid ,etc .The prevalence rates of over‐weight and obesity among the middle‐aged and elderly populations in southwest area and their distribution characteristics in cities and countries ,and in male and female populations were described .The related influence factors of overweight and obesity were in‐vestigatedResults The prevalence rate of overweight was 35 .91% among the middle‐aged and elderly populations in southwest area (37 .02% for cities ,32 .92% for countries ,33 .84% for males and 37 .41% for females);the prevalence rate of obesity was 11 .40%(11 .13% for cities ,11 .40% for countries ,8 .94% for males and 12 .84% for females);among them ,the overweight rate in cities was higher than that in countries ,the overweight rate in females was higher than that in males .The obesity rate in females was higher than that in males(P<0 .01) ,the obesity rate had no difference between cities and countries(P>0 .05) .The multivariate re‐gression analysis showed that lack of exercise ,overweight or obesity family history were the risk factors of male overweight and o‐besity ,while the difference between cities and countries ,lack of exercise were the risk factors of female overweight and obesity .Con‐clusion The overweight and obesity rates among the middle‐aged and elderly populations in southwest area are high ,the body mass in nearly half of people exceeds the normal standard .Strengthening the overweight and obesity related health education in communi‐ties and restraining the serious trend of overweight in the population of this area have an important significance for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases .