实验性糖尿病视网膜微血管病变的病理研究

目的：观察糖尿病视网膜病变（diabetic retinopathy,DR）的组织学改变。方法：应用光镜、免疫组织化学、电镜及组织化学电镜等技术,研究在不同时间点Spregue-Dawley(SD)大鼠视网膜毛细血管基底膜中的Ⅳ型胶原蛋白及层黏蛋白和视网膜毛细胞血管基底膜的厚度,以及其负电荷位点数目的变化。结果：随着糖尿病病程的发展,视网膜毛细血管基底膜下不断增厚伴有Ⅳ型胶原蛋白及层黏蛋白的增加,同时负电荷位点数目减少。结论：视网膜毛细血管基底膜增厚,Ⅳ型胶原蛋白及层黏蛋白的增加,负电荷位点数目减少可能是导致DR渗出性病变的病理基础。

Pathological research in experimental diabetes in rat

OBJECTIVE: To study dynamically the pathological changes of diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS: The techniques of light microscopy, immunohistochemical staining, electron microscopy and histochemical electron microscopy were used to quantitatively analyze the Type IV collagen, laminin and their anionic sites in the rat retinal capillary basement membrane (RBM). RESULTS: RBM became gradually thickened and was accompanied with an increased staining reaction for type IV collagen and laminin and decrease of anionic sites in number. CONCLUSION: The increase in thickness, in type IV collagen and laminin and the decrease of the anionic sites in the RBM may be the pathological changes of the exudative lesion in DR.