不同时期广州市青少年儿童脊柱侧凸患病率调查

  目的  以北京市海淀区高考学生为代表，了解这些学生脊柱侧弯发生率、特点及其危险因素，为有效预防青少年脊柱侧弯的发生提供依据。  方法  对2015年海淀区参加高考体检的学生在胸部摄片过程前后，通过调查问卷形式获取学生学习习惯资料，采用Cobb法测量确诊脊柱侧弯，选取信息完整的3 161份资料采用logistic二分类回归法分析影响因素。  结果  3 161名学生中，脊柱侧弯111例，发生率为3.51%。logistic回归分析结果显示，性别（OR = 1.776，95 % CI = 1.175～2.685）、体质指数（OR = 0.589，95 % CI = 0.376～0.922）及不良坐姿（OR = 1.475，95 % CI = 1.003～2.167）与脊柱侧弯的发生率关系密切（均P < 0.05）。  结论  脊柱侧弯在高考学生中有较高患病率，与性别、体质指数及不良坐姿具有一定相关性。

Genome-wide association study identifies new susceptibility loci for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in Chinese girls

  Objective  To examine the prevalence and risk factors of scoliosis among senior high school graduates in Haidian district of Beijing for providing evidences to effective prevention of the disease.  Methods  We conducted questionnaire surveys among senior high school students when they had physical checkup for college entrance examination in Haidian district in 2015. Cobb angle measurement was used in diagnosis of scoliosis based on chest radiography. Complete data on 3 161 graduates were collected and analyzed with binary logistic regression to explore influencing factors of scoliosis.  Results  Among the graduates, totally 111 scoliosis cases were identified and the prevalence rate was 3.51%. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that gender (female vs. male: odds ratio [OR] = 1.776, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.175 – 2.685), sitting posture (bad vs. good: OR = 1.475, 95% CI: 1.003 – 2.167), and body mass index (18.5 – 24 vs. < 18.5: OR = 0.589, 95% CI: 0.376 – 0.922) were significant impact factors of scoliosis.  Conclusion  The prevalence of scoliosis is relatively high and mainly correlated with gender, sitting posture, and body mass index among senior high school graduates.