北京市朝阳区成年居民超重肥胖流行现状及其与主要慢性病的关系

  目的  了解辽宁省农村 ≥ 40岁居民肥胖患病情况，为肥胖的防控提供理论依据。  方法  于2017年9月 — 2018年5月，随机整群抽取辽宁省农村4个县19个村庄 ≥ 40岁常驻居民10 926人，进行肥胖患病率调查及相关危险因素分析。  结果  ≥ 40岁农村居民总体肥胖患病率为18.5 %，女性（21.3 %）高于男性（14.1 %），差异有统计学意义（χ² = 90.415，P < 0.001）；标化患病率为19.8 %，男性和女性分别为17.5 %和21.4 %。农村男性40～49岁组肥胖患病率最高，为23.9 %，女性以50～59岁组肥胖患病率最高，为23.6 %。多因素 logistic 回归分析结果显示，女性，患有高血压、糖尿病、高甘油三酯（TG）、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）和有高血压家族史是肥胖的危险因素；年龄 ≥ 50岁、家庭年收入5 000～19 999元、单身、吸烟是肥胖的保护因素。  结论  辽宁省 ≥ 40岁农村居民肥胖患病率较高，应根据患病人群的特点加以防制。

Trends in adult body-mass index in 200 countries from 1975 to 2014: a pooled analysis of 1698 population-based measurement studies with 19.2 million participants

  Objective  To examine the prevalence of obesity in rural residents aged over 40 years old and above in Liaoning province for providing evidences to prevention and control of obesity.  Methods  We recruited 12 808 permanent residents aged 40 years and above from 19 villages of 4 counties in Liaoning province using random cluster sampling and conducted questionnaire survey, physical examination and laboratory test from September 2017 to May 2018 to analyze the prevalence and impact factors of obesity among the residents.  Results  The overall prevalence rate of obesity was 18.5% among the 10 926 residents completing the survey, with a significantly higher prevalence rate among the female participants than among the male participants (21.3% vs. 14.1%, χ² = 90.415; P < 0.001). The standardized obesity prevalence rate was 19.8% for all the participants and the standardized rate was 17.5% and 21.4% for the male and the female participants. The highest age-specific prevalence rate of obesity was 23.9% in the males aged 40 – 49 years and 23.6% in the females aged 50 – 59 years. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that female gender, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, high triglyceride, low high density lipid-cholesterol, high low density lipid-cholesterol, and family history of hypertension were risk factors of obesity; while, aged 50 years and above, annual family income of 5 000 – 19 999 RMB yuan, living alone, and smoking were protective factors against obesity.  Conclusion  The prevalence of obesity is high in rural residents 40 years old and above in Liaoning province and preventive intervention should be promoted in the residents with different characteristics.