健康自评指标研究进展

  目的  基于个体差异理论，从个体 – 家庭层面描述我国成人健康自评现状，探讨健康自评的影响因素，为我国成人健康自评研究提供依据。  方法  利用 2016年中国家庭追踪调查（CFPS）数据，描述性分析我国成人健康自评现状，采用有序多分类logistic回归分析方法，将控制变量、自变量先后纳入模型进行检验，探讨家庭因素和个体因素对成人健康自评结果的影响。  结果  22 366名调查对象中自评健康者为16 177人，占72.33 %，自评非健康者为6 189人，占27.67 %。个体 – 家庭成人健康自评有序多分类logistic回归模型对数似然值为 – 29 788.70，LR chi²(116) = 8 143.95，P < 0.001，Pseudo R² = 0.12，说明模型解释能力较强。在家庭因素和个体因素对健康自评的累积效应下，政府补助、同居、锻炼频率、健康变化情况、2周患病情况、半年患慢性病、住院、喝酒频率、是否午休、新农合医疗、农村社会养老保险、是否抑郁是成人健康自评的影响因素。  结论  早识别、早诊断、早介入、早治疗健康自评较差的人群，有利于合理配置社会卫生资源，减少卫生资源的浪费。

Depressive symptoms and SES among the mid-aged and elderly in China: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study national baseline

  Objective  To examine status quo and individual and familial influencing factors of self-rated health among adult residents in China for providing evidences to studies on self-rated health in Chinese populations.  Methods  The data on 22 366 residents aged ≤ 16 years were extracted from The China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) conducted among 16 000 households in 25 provinces/municipalities/autonomous regions across China in 2016. Ordinal multi-category logistic regression was adopted to explore influences of individual and familial factors on self-rated health of the adult residents.  Results  Of all the respondents, 72.33% (16 177) rated themselves as healthy and 27.67% (6 189) as unhealthy. Including individual and familial factors as independent variables, an ordinal multi-category logistic regression model for self-rated health was established and the model fitted the data well, with following parameter values: logarithmic likelihood value = – 29 788.70, LR chi² (116) = 8 143.95, Pseudo R² = 0.12, and P < 0.001. Under the combined impact of individual and familial factors, the respondents' self-rated health was influenced by government subsidy, cohabitation, frequency of physical exercise, change in health condition, two-week disease prevalence, suffering from chronic disease during past 6 months, hospitalization, frequency of alcohol drinking, whether having noon break, participation in New Rural Cooperative Medical System, participation in social security for rural residents, and whether with depression symptom.  Conclusion  Early identification and intervention on rural adult residents with poor self-rated health are beneficial to the rational allocation of social health resources.