精神科医务人员压力来源分析及疏导

目的对湖南省衡阳市第一精神病医院部分医务人员进行压力来源分析，并对其进行心理疏导，以帮助医护人员减轻工作压力，提高工作质量。方法对湖南省衡阳市第一精神病医院41名医护人员进行SCL-90和Grey—Toil和Anerson护理工作压力问卷调查和心理疏导，以探讨压力源和合理疏导方法。结果年龄30岁以下所受压力大于30岁以上，男性高于女性，工作年限5年以下者高于5年以上者，文化程度本科以上者高于其他，差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）；职称对压力无影响，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；医生压力主要来源前3位分别是专业及工作（2．91±1．31）、工作量和时间分配（2．84±1．08）和工作环境（2．69±1．41），护士压力主要来源前3位分别是专业及工作（2．87±1．64）、患者方面（2．82±1．58）和工作量及时间分配（2．51±1．25）；心理疏导后，医务人员在SCL-90的强迫、焦虑、抑郁、人际关系、敌对5方面与疏导前表现出区别，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），在躯体化、恐怖、偏执和精神病性4方面与疏导前无区别，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论精神科医务人员压力大，心理状况不佳，需要针对性疏导和干预。

Analysis and guidance of pressure source in medical stuff of psychiatric department

Objective To analyze the sources of stress for the stuff of the first psychiatric hospital of Hengyang city of Hu- nan province, and carry on the psychological counseling, help the medical stuff to reduce the working pressure, improve the quality of work. Methods The 41 doctors and nurses in the First Mental Hospital of Hengyang were surveyed in SCL - 90 and Grey- Toft and Anerson nursing work stress questionnaire and psychological counseling, the source of pressure and reasonable method of persuasion was explored. Results The pressure of the ones under the age of 30 were greater than 30 years of age or older, male was higher than female, 5 years work experience more than 5 years, cultural degree Bachelor was higher than the others （ P 〈 0. 05 ） ; There was no influence in title （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. The doctor pressure mainly from three points was professional and working （2. 91 ± 1.31 ）, workload and time allocation （2. 84 ± 1.08） and work environment （2. 69 ± 1.41 ）, work pressure of nurse mainly came from three ways were professional and （2. 87 ± 1.64）, （2. 82 ± 1.58） patients and the workload and time distribution （2. 51 ± 1.25） ; After psychological counseling, 5 aspects in the SCL - 90 of medical staff, force, anxiety, depression, interpersonal relationship, hostile showed difference, the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）, in somatization, phobia, paranoia and psychosis, the difference was not statistically significant （P 〉 0. 05）. Conclusion Psychiatric pressure, psychological condition of the medical stuff needs guidance and intervention.