胸腺类癌诊断及治疗策略进展

胸腺类癌是一种病因不明和分类方法尚未统一的少见神经内分泌肿瘤,其临床症状缺乏特异性,可表现为无症状、局部压迫表现、内分泌异常和副肿瘤综合征等。虽然,胸腺类癌在CT和PET/CT上无特征性表现,但影像学检查为胸腺类癌的临床分期提供了重要依据。作为神经内分泌肿瘤分级的重要工具,Ki67指数在胸腺类癌分级中的应用也值得深入研究。目前胸腺类癌主要依靠病理进行诊断,免疫组化则为鉴别诊断提供重要参考。在治疗方面,根治性切除肿瘤为首选治疗方案,而随着分子药理的发展,靶向治疗也逐渐成为可能。

Advances in diagnosis and treatment of thymic carcinoid

Thymic carcinoid is a rare neoplasm with unclear risk factors and controversial classifications .Clinical manifestations vary from asymptomatic to many nonspecific symptoms , among which endocrinopathy seems to be as-sociated with poor prognosis .Image studies show no specificity both in CT and PET/CT, but are of great value in clinical staging .Ki67 index has been found to be a powerful tool for grading neuroendocrine tumors and further studies should be made .The diagnosis of thymic carcinoid mainly depends on pathology and immunohistochemistry plays a role in differential diagnosis .Radical resection is the first choice in treatment , and target therapy becomes possible with the development in molecular pathology .