成都市3～6岁儿童超重、肥胖发展趋势及干预研究

目的：了解成都市3～6岁学龄前儿童超重、单纯性肥胖发展趋势和干预效果，以寻求更有效的干预措施。方法：自2000-2007年对成都市五城区所有一类托幼园所3～6岁儿童进行调查，对其超重、肥胖发生、发展动态趋势进行分析研究，并设重点干预点进行连续干预监测。参照WHO标准，应用身高别体重法评价儿童超重和肥胖。结果：2000-2005年中，成都市学龄前儿童超重、单纯性肥胖发生率显著升高（2000年为6．50％、2．14％；2005年为9．57％，4．39％，P〈0．001）；通过对托幼园所实施肥胖干预后，2005～2007年儿童超重、单纯性肥胖检出率处于稳定控制状态（2007年为9．13％，4．17％，P〉0．05）。2005～2007年对本市15所托幼机构实施重点干预后，儿童超重、肥胖检出率为8．51％，3．26％，明显降低（P〈0．05），而一般干预点，超重、肥胖发生率明显升高（10．42％，5．12％，P〈0．05）。结论：学龄前儿童超重、单纯性肥胖呈上升趋势，有效的干预措施能控制超重和肥胖发生率。

Trend and Intervention Study on Overweight or Simple Obesity of Children Aged 3-6 Years in Chengdu

Objective：To study trend in morbidity and effect of intervention in children with overweight or childhood simple obesity aged 3-6 years in Chengdu, so as to explore more effective methods to prevent the diseases. Methods：The preschool Children aged 3-6 years in Chengdu were investigated. We have analysised the overweight,as well as the dynamic trend in occurrence and development of simple obesity of children,and we have also set up some spots to progress continual interfere monitoring. The weight for height of NCHS/WHO was used as reference data to define overweight and obesity. The data were analyzed by SPSS 10.0 software. Results：The morbidities of overweight and simple obesity of preschool children in Chengdu increased quickly in 2000-2005（6.50% ,2.14% in 2000,and 9.57% ,4.39% in 2005,P〈0. 001）. Both were controlled very well with the intervention （9.13%,4.17% in 2007,P〉0.05）. In 2005- 2007,after the effective intervention was enforced in 15 nursery schools,the morbidities of overweight and simple obesity were decreased to 8.51% and 3. 26%, respectively（P〈0. 05）, but in other ordinary monitoring spots, both increased obviously on the contrary（ 10.42 %, 5.12 %, P〈0.05）. Conclusion：The morbidities of overweight and simple obesity of preschool children show increasing tendency and the effective interventions could control the morbidity.