基于案例的PBL在临床免疫学与检验教学中的实践

目的培养学生独立思考和分析与解决问题的能力，提高教学质量。方法以25名2008级医学检验本科生为研究对象实施基于案例的“以问题为基础的学习”（Problem-based learning，PBL）。教学步骤分为课前动员、提出问题、自学解疑、课堂讨论、点评总结5个阶段。采用问卷调查评价教学效果。结果学生认为，自身的学习积极性（83．3％）、自学及获取文献信息能力（79．2％）、分析与解决问题能力（79．2％）、临床思维与推理能力（79．2％）得到明显提高；对采用基于案例的PBL教学满意率达95．8％。结论基于案例的PBL取得较好教学效果，值得推广。

Practice of case-based PBL teaching model in clinical immunology and laboratory teaching

Objective To train medical students＇ competence of independent thinking and problem solving and to improve the quality of teaching. Methods The case-based PBL teaching model was introduced to teaching practice for 25 undergraduates majoring in medical laboratory. The teaching process included pre-class mobilization, question, self-study, discussion and summary. Effectiveness of teaching was evaluated with questionnaire. Results For these medical students, the enthusiasm of learning （83.3%）, ability of self-learning and information seeking （79.2%）, ability of discussing and problem solving （79.2%）, ability of scientific thinking and clinical reasoning （79.2%） were significantly improved. Teaching satisfaction rate of case-based PBL teaching model was up to 95.8%. Conclusion Better results of teaching were achieved and the case-based PBL teaching model is worth spreading.