军人心理弹性与疲劳的关系：社会支持与自我效能感的多重中介作用

目的 研究军人疲劳与心理弹性、社会支持以及自我效能感的关系。方法 采用多维疲劳量表(Multidimensional fatigue inventory scale, MFI-20),心理弹性量表(The Connor-Davidson Resilience scale, CD-RISC),一般自我效能感量表(General Self Efficacy Scale, GSES),中文版社会支持问卷(Chinese Version Social support revalued scale, SSRS)对812名军人进行测试。采用相关性分析,回归分析探讨变量间的关系并通过建构结构方程模型检验社会支持、自我效能感在心理弹性与疲劳之间的中介作用。结果 共回收到794份有效问卷,有效率为97.78%。相关性结果分析表明疲劳与心理弹性、社会支持以及自我效能感负相关(P < 0.01),心理弹性与社会支持、自我效能感正相关(P < 0.01), 社会支持与自我效能感正相关(P < 0.01)。回归分析结果表明心理弹性可独立预测疲劳水平(P < 0.001),同时社会支持和自我效能感对疲劳的回归显著(P < 0.001),三者可解释疲劳46.6%的方差变异。结构方程模型结果表明社会支持、自我效能感在心理弹性与疲劳之间的中介作用显著(P = 0.026,P < 0.001, 95%置信区间都不包含0),同时,两者的链式中介在心理弹性与疲劳的也存在显著中介作用(P < 0.001, 95%置信区间都不包含0)。结论 加强军人心理弹性水平训练,增强军人社会支持水平,提高军人自我效能感对军人增强疲劳应对能力,降低疲劳反应,提高作业效能具有重要意义。

The relationship between resilience and fatigue among military personnel: A Multiple Mediation Model Through Social Support and Self-esteem

Objective To explore the relationships among fatigue, resilience, social support and self-efficacy. Methods Multidimensional fatigue inventory scale (MFI-20), The Connor-Davidson Resilience scale (CD-RISC), General Self Efficacy Scale (GSES), and Chinese Version Social support revalued scale (SSRS) were applied to 812 military personnel, the correlation analysis, hierarchical regression analysis were employed to analyze the relationships between variables, and structural equation model was constructed to investigate the mediation role of social support and self-efficacy on the relationships between resilience and fatigue. Results A total of 794 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective rate of 97.78%. The results of correlation analysis suggested fatigue was negatively associated with resilience, social support and self-efficacy (all P <0.01), resilience was positively associated with social support and self-efficacy (P < 0.01 respectively), and social support positively associated with self-efficacy (P < 0.01). Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that resilience could independently predict fatigue, and social support and self-efficacy had a significant regression with fatigue, there variables could explain 46.6% variance of fatigue. Structural equal model analysis showed social support and self-efficacy mediated the relationship between resilience and fatigue (P = 0.026, P < 0.001 respectively, 95% CIs not included 0), furthermore, the chain mediation of social support and self-efficacy also played mediation role on the relationship between resilience and fatigue (P < 0.001 respectively, 95% CIs not included 0). Conclusion The programs to enhance resilience, social support and self-efficacy would provide significant benefit to increase the abilities of military personnel to deal with fatigue.