颈椎解剖与钛质网笼生物力学研究进展

钛质网笼作为颈前路椎体次全切除减压融合术（anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion,ACCF）中使用的融合器之一，不仅能够在术中即刻重建颈椎稳定性、维持椎间高度及生理曲度，而且可以避免自体取骨造成供骨区并发症的问题，故成为ACCF术中较为常用的内植物。但传统钛笼多存在应力遮挡、钛笼下沉等问题，在一定程度上影响了手术效果，甚至导致严重术后并发症，需要行翻修手术。目前已有多种新型钛笼问世，一定程度上解决了传统钛笼带来的问题。生物力学评价及其测试方法是评判一款新型脊柱融合器能否应用于临床必不可少的过程。综述颈椎解剖相关生物力学、传统钛笼与新型钛笼生物力学特性的相关研究，为传统钛笼的改进以及新型钛笼的研发提供新思路。

Recent Advances of Biomechanical Studies on Cervical Spine Anatomy and Titanium Mesh Cage

Titanium mesh cage is one of the fusion devices used in anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion (ACCF). It can not only immediately rebuild the stability of cervical spine during the operation, maintain the height and physiological curvature of intervertebral vertebrae, but also avoid the complications of bone donor area caused by autologous bone extraction. Therefore, titanium mesh cage has become the most commonly used internal plant in ACCF. However, there exist many problems in traditional titanium cage, such as stress shielding and titanium cage sinking, which will affect the surgical effect to a certain extent, and even lead to serious postoperative complications requiring revision surgery. At present, a variety of new titanium cages have been invented, which can solve the problems caused by traditional titanium cage to a certain extent. Biomechanical evaluation and its testing methods are an indispensable process for judging whether a new type of spinal fusion cage can be used in clinical practice. This article reviews the biomechanical studies related to cervical spine anatomy, the biomechanical properties of traditional titanium cages and new titanium cages, so as to provide new ideas for the improvement of traditional titanium cages and the development of new titanium cages.