具有分区域梯度硬度结构的定制减压鞋垫设计

目的针对高弓足等有足底减压需求的人群,设计一种具有分区域梯度硬度的定制化鞋垫。方法设计一种功能梯度结构,应用于定制化鞋垫,使鞋垫不同区域具有梯度变换趋势的硬度特征。通过力学试验,研究结构单元参数和模量之间的关系。采集志愿者足部几何形状和足底压力分布数据,根据压力等高线对足底区域进行划分,以此组装结构单元。设计4种定制化鞋垫:普通平板鞋垫、优化平板鞋垫、普通全接触鞋垫、优化全接触鞋垫。通过熔融沉积成型(fused deposition modeling,FDM)打印,再进行足底压力测试实验,验证分区域的优化设计。结果所设计的鞋垫可使高弓足测试者足部峰值压力在静态站立、步态状态下分别降低52.8%、18.43%。结论该方法可用于设计定制鞋垫,如针对糖尿病足、高弓足的功能鞋垫,提供更好的减压功能。研究结果为临床保守治疗有减压需求的足部疾病提供参考。

Design of Customized Decompression Insole with Zonal Gradient Hardness Structure

Objective To design a kind of customized insole with zonal gradient hardness for people with high arch foot in need of plantar decompression. Methods A functional gradient structure was designed and applied to the customized insole. Porous elements with corresponding elastic modulus were used in different areas of insole. The relationship between structural element parameters and modulus was studied through mechanical tests. The foot geometry and plantar pressure distribution data of volunteers were collected, and the plantar region was divided according to the pressure contour line, so as to assemble the structural unit. Four kinds of customized insoles were designed: ordinary flat insole, optimized flat insole, ordinary full contact insole and optimized full contact insole. Through plantar pressure test experiment, the optimization design of sub region was verified. Results The designed insole could reduce the peak pressure of high arch foot by 52.8% in static standing state and 18.43% in gait condition. Conclusions This method can be used to design customized insoles, such as functional insoles for patients with diabetes and high arch feet, by providing better decompression function. The research findings provide references for conservative treatment of foot diseases with decompression needs.