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Nano in nano: Biosynthesized gold and iron nanoclusters cargo neoplastic exosomes for cancer status biomarking |
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| Authors: | Fawad Ur Rehman Tianyu Du Sana Shaikh Xuerui Jiang Yun Chen Xiaoqi Li Huan Yi Jiang Hui Baoan Chen Matthias Selke Xuemei Wang |
| Affiliation: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China;2. NanJing Foreign Language School, Nanjing, China;3. Department of Hematology and Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China;4. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Los Angeles, CA, USA |
| Abstract: | Timely detection is crucial for successful treatment of cancer. The current study describes a new approach that involves utilization of the tumor cell environment for bioimaging with in-situ biosynthesized nanoscale gold and iron probes and subsequent dissemination of Au-Fe nanoclusters from cargo exosomes within the circulatory system. We have isolated the Au-Fe cargo exosomes from the blood of the treated murine models after in situ biosyntheses from their respective pre-ionic solutions (HAuCl4, FeCl2), whereas Na2SeO3 supplementation added into Au lethal effect. The microarray data of various differentially expressed genes revealed the up-regulated tumor ablation and metal binding genes in SGC-7901 cell lines after treatment with Au-Fe-Se triplet ionic solution. The isolation of Au-Fe nanoclusters cargo exosomes (nano in nano) after secretion from deeply seated tumors may help in early diagnosis and reveal the tumor ablation status during and after the relevant treatment like radio-chemo therapies et al. |
| Keywords: | Exosomes Biosynthesis Gold and iron nanoclusters Cancer bioimaging In vivo theranostics CT Computed Tomography MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging FRET Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer PET Positron Emission Computed Topography ROS Reactive Oxygen Species RNS Reactive Nitrogen Species GSH-GSSG Glutathione NAD(P)H Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate EVs Extracellular vesicles ARF6 GTPase ADP ribosylation factor 6 PLD2 Phospholipase D2 SGC 7901 Gastric cancer L02 Human liver embryonic cells DMSO Dimethyl Sulfoxide OD Optical Density HepG2, Hepatocellular carcinoma HeLa Cervical cancer cells PBS Phosphate Buffer saline TEM Transmission Electron Microscopy EDS Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy RNAs Ribonucleic Acid mRNAs messenger Ribonucleic Acid FTIR Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy MTT 4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide DCFDA 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin diacetate |
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