补肾活血方对噪声性听损伤防治作用的实验研究

目的：观察补肾活血中药对豚鼠噪声性听损伤的防治作用。方法：将豚鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组、预防组和治疗组。后3组豚鼠暴露在频率为4kHz强度为110dB SPL的稳态白噪声中6h×6天。预防组和治疗组分别于噪声暴露前7天和噪声暴露结束后给予中药灌胃,预防组同期灌胃相同剂量的生理盐水,正常组不予给药,均连续13天。以听性脑干诱发电位（ABR）评价各组豚鼠听功能的变化;耳蜗基底膜铺片计数比较外毛细胞损伤率;扫描电镜观察耳蜗毛细胞形态学变化;耳蜗螺旋韧带铺片观察血管纹充盈情况。结果：与模型组和治疗组比较,预防组豚鼠的ABR阈值、毛细胞损伤率均明显降低（P〈0.05）,波潜伏期显著缩短（P〈0.01）,电镜下毛细胞受损程度较轻,光镜下血管纹呈轻度缺血;与模型组比较,治疗组豚鼠的ABR阈值明显降低（P〈0.05）,波潜伏期显著缩短（P〈0.01）,但毛细胞损伤率无明显差异（P〉0.05）;电镜下两组毛细胞损伤程度均较重,但光镜下血管纹缺血程度相对较轻。结论：补肾活血方对噪声性听力损伤具有显著的预防作用,在改善听功能方面具有一定的治疗作用,预防效果明显优于治疗效果。

Experimental Study on the Prevention and Treatment Effects of Bushen Huoxue Decoction on Noise-induced Hearing Loss

Objective：To observe the prevention and treatment effects of Bushen Huoxue Decoction on noise-induced hearing loss in guinea pigs.Methods：The guinea pigs were randomly divided into normal control group,model control group,prevention group and treatment group.The latter three groups were exposed to 4 KHz steady white noise at 110 dB SPL for 6 days intermittently（6h/d）.Bushen Huoxue Decoction（15mL·kg-1·d-1）,calculated in accordance with 30g·kg-1·d-1 of the crude drug） was given to the prevention group and treatment group for 13 days beginning separately from the 7th day before noise exposure and the day after noise exposure,and the same volume of physiological saline was given to model group in the same time with prevention group.ABR（Auditory Brainstem Response） was used to assess the variation of the auditory function in each group of animals.The number of the outer hair cells was counted under the light microscope and the morphological changes of cochlea were observed under the scanning electronic microscope.Observe the blood filling of stria vascularis in cochlea spiral ligament under the light microscope.Results：Compared with model group and treatment group,prevention group showed significantly lower ABR threshold（P0.05）,shorter latency（P0.01）,more survival of outer hair cells（P0.01） as well as slighter morphological lesion of cochlear hair cells and and ischemia state of stria vascularis.Compared with model group,treatment group showed significantly lower ABR threshold（P0.05）,shorter latency（P0.01） and slighter ischemia state of stria vascularis,but there was no significant difference between them in the survival of outer hair cells（P0.05）,and the morphological lesion of cochlear hair cells was also similar.Conclusion：Bushen Huoxue Decoction has obvious prevention effect on noise-induced hearing loss.It also has certain treatment effect on improving auditory function.The prevention effect is much better than the treatment effect.