雾化吸入与静脉输注米力农治疗先天性心脏病患儿术后肺动脉高压效果的比较

目的 比较雾化吸入与静脉输注米力农治疗先天性心脏病患儿术后肺动脉压的效果.方法 先天性心脏病患儿40名,年龄5～14岁,体重15～38 kg,肺动脉压(PAP)30～90mm Hg,随机分为2组(n=20):雾化吸入组和静脉输注组.体外循环结束即刻,雾化吸入组每隔30 min吸入米力农1 mg/ml 10 min,共吸入12 h;静脉输注组先静脉注射米力农负荷剂量10μg/kg,然后以0.5μg·kg-1·min-1的速率静脉辅注12 h.于给药12 h时行血气分析,记录混合静脉血氧饱和度(S(-v)O2);于术前(基础状态)、给药12 h内每隔2 h记录MAP、PAP、肺血管阻力指数(PVRI)和体血管阻力指数(SVRI);记录带管时间和给药12 h内肺动脉高压、肺部感染以及术后低氧血症的发生情况.结果 与静脉输注组比较,雾化吸入组PAP和PVRI降低,S(-v)O2、MAP和SVRI升高,肺动脉高压和肺部感染发生率降低(P＜0.05),低氧血症发生率和带管时间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 雾化吸入米力农治疗先天性心脏病患儿术后肺动脉高压的效果优于静脉输注,提示先天性心脏病患儿更宜选择雾化吸入的方法给予米力农.

Therapeutic effect of inhaled aerosolized versus intravenous milrinone on postoperative pulmonary artery hypertension in children with congenital heart disease

Objective To compare the therapeutic effect of inhaled aerosolized and intravenous milrinone (a phosphodiesteraee-3 inhibitor) on postoperative pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) in children with congenital heart disease (CHD).Methods Forty CHD complicated with PAH children aged 5-14 yr weighing 15-38 kg with pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) 30-90 mm Hg were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 20 each): Ⅰ milrinone inhalation group and Ⅱ intravenous milrinone group. At the end of CPB, aerosolized milrinone 1 ml/kg was inhaled for 12 h at 30 min intervals, and each time milrinone was inhaled for 10 min in group Ⅰ . In group Ⅱ , a bolus of 10 g/kg milrinone was given iv followed by 12 h milrinone infusion at 0.5 μg·kg-1 ·min-1 . Blood samples were taken from aorta and pulmonary artery for blood gas analysis at the end of administration and venous oxygen saturation (S(-v)O2) was recorded. MAP, PAP, pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI) and systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) were recorded every 2 h during milrinone administration. The duration of endotracheal tube, PAH, lung infection and postoperative hyoxemia were recorded during milrinone administration. Results PAP, PVRI and the incidence of lung infection and PAH were significantly lower, while MAP, SVRI and S(-v)O2higher in group Ⅰ than in group Ⅱ (P ＜ 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the duration of endotracheal tube and incidence of hyoxemia between the two groups(P ＞ 0.05). Conclusion Inhaled aerosolized milrinone has better therapeutic effect than intravenous milrinone on PAH in children with CHD.