荜茇提取物中5个生物碱的含量测定与对垂体后叶素所致大鼠实验性心肌缺血的影响

目的 建立荜茇提取物中5个生物碱含量测定方法，并评估该提取物对垂体后叶素所致大鼠实验性心肌缺血的影响。方法 采用HPLC法同时测定5个生物碱的含量；采用经舌下静脉注射垂体后叶素造成急性心肌缺血模型，以造模前后T波变化绝对值、心率及其变化百分率为观测指标，评估荜茇提取物大、中、小三个剂量组对大鼠实验性心肌缺血的影响。结果 3批荜茇提取物中胡椒碱平均含量为56.1%、49.7%、51.6%;N-异丁基-2E,4E-十八烷二烯酰胺平均含量为4.48%、4.21%、4.28%；几内亚胡椒碱平均含量为0.461%、0.378%、0.396%；荜茇明碱平均含量为1.73%、1.67%、1.70%；胡椒酰胺平均含量为0.554%、0.461%、0.493%。荜茇提取物大、中、小剂量组均有降低T波变化绝对值的作用；除大剂量组在个别时间点有降低心率的作用之外，其它各实验组在各时间点对心率变化率无显著影响。结论 所建立的生物碱含量测定分析方法可准确测定荜茇提取物中5个生物碱的含量；药效试验证明荜茇提取物具有较好的抗心肌缺血活性。

Determination and effect of five alkaloids from extracts of Piper longum on rats with experimental myocardial ischemia induced by injection of pituitrin

Objective To determine the content of five alkaloids from extracts of Piper longum and test the pharmacodynamic effect of them on rats with experimental myocardial ischemia induced by injection of pituitrin. Methods The content of five alkaloids was determined simultaneously by HPLC. The experimental myocardial ischemia in rats was induced by injection of pituitrin, and the absolute value of T wave change and change of heart rate before and after model establishment were chosen to be the observation index. The effects of large, medium and small dose groups were evaluated. Results Three batches of samples were analyzed, with the contents of piperine for 56.1%, 49.7%, 51.6%; N-isobutyl-(2E,4E)-octadecatrienamide for 4.5%, 4.2%, 4.3%; guineensine for 0.46%, 0.38%, 0.40%; piplartine for 1.73%, 1.67%, 1.70% and piperamide for 0.55%, 0.46%, 0.49%, respectively. All dose groups from extracts of piper longum had significantly reduced the absolute value of T wave and almost have no effect on the change of heart rate, except the high dose group showed the effect of reducing heart rate at some time .Conclusion The HPLC method was suitable for the simultaneous determination of five alkaloids from extracts of Piper longum. It was shown that extracts of Piper longum had good bioactivity in anti-myocardial ischemia.