哈尔滨市社区居民高血压前期患病率及其危险因素研究

目的 探讨黑龙江省哈尔滨市社区居民高血压前期的患病率及其危险因素.方法 采用整群抽样的方法,选择哈尔滨市的2个社区15岁以上的常住居民为研究对象,对其进行问卷调查并采集≥35岁居民空腹静脉血标本进行血糖及血脂的检测.结果 共调查5 348人,男性2 152人,女性3 196人.高血压前期总患病率为33.10％,男性高血压前期患病率(39.41％)高于女性(28.85％),差异有统计学意义(x2=209.83,P＜0.001).≥35岁的男性居民高血压前期患病率随着年龄的增加呈逐渐降低趋势(Z=-7.50,P＜0.001),而女性在≥45岁显示高血压前期患病率随年龄的增加而呈降低趋势(Z=6.22,P＜0.001).多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果提示:男性、年龄(≥45岁)、高血压家族史、腰围(男性≥85cm,女性≥80cm)、体质指数(≥25.0 kg/m2)和甘油三酯(≥1.7mmol/L)是高血压前期的危险因素；文化程度高是高血压前期的保护因素.结论 高血压前期的患病在城市中较普遍,应及早预防,降低高血压前期转化为高血压的风险.

Prevalence and risk factors of prehypertensive status in people from the community of Harbin

Objective To access the prevalence of prehypertensive stage and its associated risk factors in community in Nangang District of Harbin.Methods Through cluster sampling methods,local people aged≥15 years old were selected.A survey on blood pressure and associated risk factors was carried out.Overnight fasting blood specimen of people aged≥35 years old were collected.Results 5 348 residents were surveyed including 2 152 male and 3 196 female subjects.The overall prevalence of prehypertension was 33.10%.The prevalence of prehypertension appeared to be higher in males（39.41%）than in females（28.85%）（X2=209.83,P0.001）.The prevalence of prehypertension decreased with increasing age in men≥35 years old（Z=-7.50,P0.001） and in women≥45 years old（Z=6.22,P0.001）.Data from multivariable Logistic regression showed that being male,aged≥45 years old,family history of hypertension,with waist circumference ≥85cm for men and≥80cm for women,body mass index（BMI）≥25.0 kg/m2 and triglyoride≥1.7mmol/L were risk factors of prehypertension while the high cultural degree was shown as a protective factor.Conclusions Prehypertension was prevalent in the urban area,Programs on prehypertension prevention should start from teenagers.There was a need to monitor blood pressure more often and to control blood pressure through non-drug methods.