2008-2010年平顶山市手足口病重复感染情况的调查

目的 了解手足口病重复感染病例的临床特点、病原学特征、流行病学特征及重复感染时间间隔等情况,为手足口病的防控工作提供科学依据.方法 利用疾病监测信息报告管理系统中的手足口病个案数据,筛选重复感染的病例,遵照流行病学的原理与方法计算重复感染的发生率,揭示其感染时间、地区、人群分布以及病例类型和病原学分布的规律与特点.结果 2008-2010年3年间平顶山市发生的16 912手足口病患儿中,感染2次及以上的有221名,重复感染率为1.31％,其中2次感染218例(98.64％),3次感染3例(1.36％).10个县(市、区)均有手足口病重复感染病例报告；不同年龄组间重复感染率的差异有统计学意义(x2=52.58,P＜0.001)；重复感染间隔15 ～ 805 d,多在2年内发生重复感染；首次发病以轻型居多(94.57％),轻症病例重复感染率1.42％,高于重症病例的0.55％,差异有统计学意义(x2=11.21,P＜0.001).结论 2008 -2010年平顶山市存在手足口病重复感染病例,最多感染次数达3次,2岁以下病例或首次发病为轻型病例者发生重复感染的可能性较大,因此在手足口病预防控制工作中,应针对重点人群做好重复感染控制工作.

Survey on the status of repeated infections of hand, foot and mouth disease in Pingdingshan City, 2008-2010

Objective To analyze the epidemiological,clinical and etiologic characteristics of repeated infections of hand-foot-and-mouth disease（HFMD） in Pingdingshan,2008-2010,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of HFMD.Methods The repeated infections cases filtered from National Disease Supervision Information Management System were analyzed to describe the characteristics of time,region,population,frequency,clinical type and etiology.Results From 2008 to 2010,there were 221 repeated infections cases among all of the 16 912 HFMD cases reported in Pingdingshan City,and the incidence of repeated infections was 1.31%;There were 218 cases infected twice（98.64%）,and 3 cases infected three times（1.36%）.The repeated infections cases occurred among all of the 10 counties;The difference of the incidence of repeated infections among different age groups was significant（X2=52.58,P0.001）;The interval between repeated infections was from 15 to 805 days,most of which was 2 years;Most of the first infections were mild cases（94.57%） The incidence of repeated infections of mild cases（1.42%） was higher than that of severe cases（0.55%）,and the difference between them was significant（X2=11.21,P0.001）.Conclusions There were some repeated infections cases in Pingdingshan City,2008-2010.The repeated infections occurred more possibly in younger than two years old,and mild cases when first infected,who should be focused on to prevent and control repeated infections of HFMD.