快慢转法及不同滤膜和显色检测法在Western blotting中的应用分析

目的 探讨快、慢转法及不同滤膜和显色检测法在Western blotting中的应用及各实验环节分析.方法 采用MDA-MB-231细胞制备细胞蛋白,应用不同印迹膜硝酸纤维素膜、聚偏乙烯二氟(PVDF)膜和阳离子尼龙膜]分别采用快转法和慢转法进行增强化学发光法(ECL)和DAB化学显色法检测,并对Western blotting的各实验环节进行了分析.结果 (1)在快、慢转法中硝纤膜的蛋白预染marker条带略强于尼龙膜,而尼龙膜又略强于PVDF膜;PVDF膜和尼龙膜的正反面易于混淆,而硝纤膜的正反面不易混淆.(2)在快、慢转法中,PVDF膜的DAB化学显色法图像略强于尼龙膜和硝纤膜,而尼龙膜和硝纤膜无明显差异;与慢转法相比,快转的硝纤膜和尼龙膜中的蛋白条带略呈波浪状.(3)在慢转法中三种膜化学发光法的图像无明显背景,但在快转法中尼龙膜的背景较明显,而硝纤膜和PVDF膜亦无明显背景.结论 应根据实验需要选用不同的印迹膜;慢转法通常优于快转法,增强化学发光法优于DAB化学显色法;增强化学发光法特异胜强、灵敏度高,是分析蛋白质表达较为理想的方法.

Better performance of Western blotting:quick vs slow protein transfer,blotting membranes and the visualization methods

OBJECTIVE: To study how the choices of the quick vs slow protein transfer, the blotting membranes and the visualization methods influence the performance of Western blotting. METHODS: The cellular proteins were abstracted from human breast cell line MDA-MB-231 for analysis with Western blotting using quick (2 h) and slow (overnight) protein transfer, different blotting membranes (nitrocellulose, PVDF and nylon membranes) and different visualization methods (ECL and DAB). RESULTS: In Western blotting with slow and quick protein transfer, the prestained marker presented more distinct bands on nitrocellulose membrane than on the nylon and PVDF membranes, and the latter also showed clear bands on the back of the membrane to very likely cause confusion, which did not occur with nitrocellulose membrane. PVDF membrane allowed slightly clearer visualization of the proteins with DAB method as compared with nitrocellulose and nylon membranes, and on the latter two membranes, quick protein transfer was likely to result in somehow irregular bands in comparison with slow protein transfer. With slow protein transfer and chemiluminescence for visualization, all the 3 membranes showed clear background, while with quick protein transfer, nylon membrane gave rise to obvious background noise but the other two membranes did not. CONCLUSIONS: Different membranes should be selected for immunoblotting according to the actual needs of the experiment. Slow transfer of the proteins onto the membranes often has better effect than quick transfer, and enhanced chemiluminescence is superior to DAB for protein visualization and allows highly specific and sensitive analysis of the protein expressions.