儿童散光年龄分布及其与子午线弱视的关系

目的 研究4~8岁儿童≥1.00DC散光与子午线弱视形成的关系。 方法 收集在本院眼科门诊行睫状肌麻痹检影验光,散光度绝对值≥1.00DC的儿童顺规散光共1 005例(1 910眼)进行相关统计分析。结果 1)4~6岁各类型散光共1 636眼(85.7%)。7~8岁散光274眼(14.3%)。2)1 910眼散光类型以复性远视散光(53.2%)和混合性散光(29.4%)为主,不同类型散光分布差异有统计学意义(χ²=134.52,P<0.05)。3)≥1.00DC散光所致弱视1 769眼(占92.4%),轻度弱视眼占69.3%,中度弱视眼占23.1%,重度弱视仅3眼。4)不同矫正视力与散光度关系差异有统计学意义(χ²=362.732,P<0.05)。 结论≥1.00DC散光眼极易发生弱视,该散光所致弱视以轻、中度为主;其散光类型分布以复性远视散光为主,其次为混合散光;随散光度增高,矫正视力有下降的趋势;儿童散光筛查和光学矫正的重点应放在学龄前期。

Astigmatism distribution characters of age and relationship with meridian amblyopia in children

Objective To investigate the relationship of ≥1.00DC astigmatism and meridian amblyopia in 4~8 years old children. Method A total of 1 005 out-patients (1 910 eyes) were analyzed which regular astigmatism degree ≥1.00DC by retinoscopy under cycloplegia. Results There were 1 636 eyes(85.7%) of different astigmatism in 4~6 years old children,and 274 eyes(14.3%) in 7~8 years old children.Compound hyperopic astigmatism(53.2%)was the most astigmatism type,and then mixed astigmatism (29.4%).There was significant difference in astigmatism constituent ratio(χ²=134.52,P<0.05)in different ages.There were 1 796 eyes(92.4%) with amblyopia cause by asitgmatism,mild amoblypia shared of big part (69.3%),and moderate amblypia was in the minority (23.1%).Only 3 eyes were severe amblyopia.There was significant difference in astigmatism degree and best corrected visual acuity(χ²=362.732,P<0.05). Conclusions Mild and moderate amblyopia are easy to occur and become the main components in children while astigmatism degree ≥1.00DC.There are different distributions of astigmatism type in children.The main type is compound hyperopic astigmatism and then is mixed astigmatism.With the increasing astigmatism degree,best corrected visual acuity has been falling.The most important period of astigmatism screening and optical correction is pre-school.