水中病毒对饮水消毒剂抗性的实验研究

研究了饮水消毒剂有效氯(Cl)、二氧化氯(ClO2)、有效氯与二氧化氯联合(Cl+ClO2)、臭氧水(O3)对模拟水样中甲型肝炎病毒(HAV)Nj-3株、脊髓灰质炎病毒I型(PolioV)Sabin株及大肠杆菌f2噬菌体的灭活作用.结果显示当O3为1.22 mg/L时即可使PolioV 105空斑形成单位(PFU)/ml在10 min内灭活,而Cl需要16 mg/L才可达到同样效果.各种消毒剂消毒效果顺序依次为O3＞ClO2＞Cl+ClO2＞Cl.病毒对消毒剂的抵抗力则依次为甲型肝炎病毒抗原(HAAg)＞PolioV＞f2噬菌体.由于HAAg不能反映病毒的感染性,因此PolioV是一种较好的水中病毒灭活指示病毒.结果提示HAV Nj-3株由于复制时间长,表达水平低,用于消毒感染试验尚不理想.

Experimental Study on the Resistance of Viruses to Several Water Disinfectants

A comparative study of inactivation of hepatitis A virus (Nj 3 strain), poliovirus (Sabin strain) and f 2 coliphage in simulated water by chlorine, chlorine dioxide, the combination of chlorine and chlorine dioxide, and ozone was carried out. When initial concentration of poliovirus was about 10 5 PFU/ml, 1 22 mg/L of ozone could completely inactivate the virus within 10 min, wheras 16 mg/L of chlorine was needed to do so. The order of effect of these disinfectants was O 3 > ClO 2 > Cl ClO 2 > Cl. The resistance of viruses to disinfectants was as follows: antigenicity of hepatitis A virus (HAAg)> poliovirus> f 2 coliphage. Since HAAg could not indicate whether the virus was intact or not, poliovirus was recommended as a good indicator in water disinfection test; Nj 3 strain was not an ideal material for water disinfection test because it multiplied slowly and had lower level of virus after harvesting.