Treatment of opioid-dependent adolescents and young adults with buprenorphine |
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Authors: | Geetha A Subramaniam Marc J Fishman George Woody |
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Institution: | (1) Unit for Research and Education in Drugs and Alcohol, School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Western Australia, 6009, Australia;(2) Division on Substance Abuse, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032 |
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Abstract: | Rising rates of opioid use among teenagers and young adults are a public health concern. Despite short durations of opioid
use compared with those of adults, youth with opioid dependence have a host of co-occurring conditions, including polysubstance
abuse, psychiatric disorders, hepatitis C infection, HIV risk, and high-risk sexual and criminal behaviors. Opioid-dependent
youth typically are offered outpatient/residential treatment with brief detoxification, but one study showed that heroin users
fare worse following residential treatment. Although abundant research supports the use of medication-assisted treatment for
opioid-dependent adults, research is only recently emerging for youth. Buprenorphine, a partial opioid agonist, was proven
safe and effective in improving abstinence from opioids in two controlled clinical trials. More research is needed to determine
several clinically relevant areas: appropriate duration of agonist treatment, ways to enhance medication adherence, the value
of integrated treatments for co-occurring conditions, and the role of opioid antagonists in opioid-dependent youth. |
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Keywords: | |
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