不同剂量四氧化二氮对大鼠多焦视网膜电图的影响

目的研究大鼠在不同剂量的航天器推进剂四氧化二氮（N2O4）染毒后的多焦视网膜电图（multifocal elec-troretinogram，mfERG）改变，从而为航天试验事故的中毒防治工作提供客观依据。方法正常雄性Wistar大鼠．按不同的剂量，在相同的时刻将大鼠用不同剂量的N2O4溶液进行腹腔注射染毒，共分三组：实验1组（n=10），用7.5mg N2O4染毒；实验2组（n=8），用15mg N2O4染毒；对照组（n=6），用生理盐水行腹腔注射。在晚上固定的时间进行苯巴比妥钠溶液腹腔注射麻醉及多焦视网膜电图检查。用Microsoft Excel自带的统计软件对数据进行分析。结果7．5mg染毒后1h组及15mg染毒后1h组的大鼠与正常大鼠的mfERG的总和波及各环b波的潜伏期的差异具有显著性：各纽染毒大鼠与正常大鼠mfERG的总和波及各环b波的波幅值的差异均无显著性。7.5mg组与15mg组之间的mfERG的总和波及各环b波的潜伏期的差异具有显著性：而两组之间波幅值的差异无显著性。结论N2O4能够导致大鼠多焦视网膜电图发生显著改变，而其对大鼠多焦视网膜电图潜伏期的影响更为明显。本研究为航天试验事故中N2O4中毒引起的视网膜功能损害的防治及进一步研究提供了客观的依据。

Changes in the multifocal electroretinograms of Wistar mice due to different doses of N2O4

Objective To study muhifocal electroretinogram changes in Wistar mice caused by N2O4 introduced as a poison. The goal is to establish a basis for further clinical study when caring for humans who are accidentally exposed to the same poison during spaceflight tests. Methods Wistar mice were divided into 2 groups of 6 to 10 based on the dose of N2O4, 7.5 mg or 15 mg, which was injected into the abdominal cavity. Muhifocal electroretinograms, were recorded later the same day under abdominal anesthesia after an equal amount of time had elapsed. A third group was used as control. Results There were significant differences in the latency of the b wave for each ring of the multifocal electroretinogram when the either the 7.5 mg N2O4 group or the 15 mg group was compared to the normal control group one hour after injection of the poison. There was also a significant difference between the 7.5 mg group and the 15mg group. However, there were no differences in the amplitudes of the b waves in each ring of the multifocal elec-troretinogram among the 3 groups. Conclusion N2O4 can cause pronounced changes to the muhifocal electroretinograms of mice. This was especially true for the latency of the b wave for each ring of the muhifocal electroretinogram. This study provides a basis for further clinical study in caring for humans who are accidentally poisoned during spaceflight tests.