2型糖尿病GK大鼠病程进展与组织形态学改变

目的研究自发性2型糖尿病GK大鼠随病程进展的病理生理和组织形态学改变。方法选择自发性2型糖尿病GK大鼠为糖尿病动物模型，同源Wistar大鼠为正常对照组，检测其血糖、血脂、血胰岛素等生化指标，定期行口服葡萄糖耐量试验检测血糖，HE染色观察心肌和胰腺组织形态学改变。结果自发性2型糖尿病GK大鼠生长缓慢，体重随病程延长与正常对照组呈显著差异（P〈0.05）；血糖轻、中度升高（P〈0.05）。血清甘油三酯水平显著升高，血清总胆固醇水平亦升高（P〈0.05）。GK大鼠呈高胰岛素血症，胰岛素抵抗指数也较对照组有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。胰岛在病程早期表现为肥大增生，晚期破坏、纤维化程度明显高于Wistar大鼠；GK大鼠心肌横纹欠清晰，纤维排列稍扭曲紊乱，部分可见心肌细胞溶解和间质纤维化。结论自发性2型糖尿病GK大鼠表现为轻中度高血糖、中度胰岛素抵抗，血脂升高，胰岛功能不足和温和的糖尿病心肌病变，且不伴随肥胖，是良好的2型糖尿病动物模型。

Relationship of progressive course and morphologic changes in spontaneously diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats

Objective To explore the relationship of progressive course and morphologic changes in spontaneously diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats.Methods Twenty Goto-Kakizaki diabetes prone rats(GK group)and 20 Wistar rats(control group) were enrolled for observation.Body weight,fasting blood glucose,fasting serium insulin,serium triglyceride,cholesterol and OGTT were observed at beginning and after 12 and 24 weeks.The blood samples were collected from the heart.Histological section of their pancreas and myocardium were made and stained by HE.Results The spontaneously diabetic Goto-Kakizaki prone rats had hyperglycemia,hyperlipidemia,hyperinsulinemia,polyuria,polydipsia,polyphagia and also lower body weight.In diabetic rats,serum triglyceride,cholesterol,fasting glucose,fasting insulin markedly increased as compared with those of the control group.HOMA-IR also increased as compared with that of the control group.In GK rats,pancreatic islets obviously increased in number at beginning and later decreased in number and its morphological features became distorted at later stages.In sections of diabetic group at later stages,the striation of myocardial muscles became unclear,striated muscles were deficient in darity and fibrous layer arrangement was slightly distorted,with cardiac myocytolysis and interstitial fibrosis.Conclusion The spontaneously diabetic non-obese Goto-Kakizaki rat exhibits hyperglycemia,hyperlidemia,insulin resistance,poor glucoseinduced insulin secretion,mild diabetic cardiomyopathy and non-obesity,which makes it as a suitable model for studying type 2 diabetes mellitus.