新生儿窒息90例及相关因素分析

目的探讨新生儿窒息的发病因素，以降低颓生儿窒息的发生率和病死率。方法回顾性分析在产科出生的新生儿窒息患儿90例的临床资料，从分娩方式、出生胎龄与体重、羊水污染程度、疾病因素4个方面予以归纳总结。结果不恰当的分娩方式（剖宫产和助产占53．3％）、早产（21．11％）、低体重（〈2．5kg占32．2％）与巨大儿（〉4kg占8．89％）、母婴疾病与脐带、胎盘因素（共占72．2％），是造成新生儿窒息的主要原因。另外新生儿窒息的发生与手术污染程度有密切关系（P〈0.01）。结论加强产前检查，防治母婴疾病，及时处理胎儿窘迫，选择最佳分娩方式，可以有效降低新生儿窒息的发生率。

90 Cases of Neonatal Asphyxia and Related Factor Analysis

[ Objective ] To investigate pathogenic factors of neonatal asphyxia, so as to reduce the morbidity and mortality. [ Methods ] A retrospective study was conducted on clinical data of 90 neonatal asphyxia cases born in obstetrics from four aspects of delivery mode, birth fetal age and weight, degree of polluted amniotic fluid and diseases. [ Results] The main causes for neonate asphyxia were incorrect delivery mode（cesarean section and assisted delivery accounted for 53.3% ） , premature delivery（ 21.11% ） , low birth weight newborns（ 〈 2.5 kg accounted for 32.2% ） and macrosomia （ 〉 4 kg accounted for 8.89% ） , maternal and children diseases, umbilical cord and placenta factors （ Accounting for a total of 72.2% ）. The incidence of neonatal asphyxia was closely related to the degree of surgery pollution. [ Conclusion]. Strengthening prenatal examinations, preventing maternal and children diseases, treating fetal distress timely and selecting the optimum delivery mode can effectively reduce the incidence of neonatal asphyxia.