西藏地区鼠疫菌生物学特性的分析

目的：通过对西藏地区29个县（市），不同宿主分离的116株鼠疫菌生化，毒力，毒力因子，质粒及外膜蛋白的分析，了解该疫源地内鼠疫病原体间的群落关系及遗传变异的规律性。方法：各项检查均按常规方法进行。结果：目前该地区仅有岗底斯山型和青藏高原型两种生态型菌株，二者分别占据一定的地理区域，以念青唐古拉山脉为天然屏障，从藏北地区分离的菌株为青藏高原型，藏南地区及其西南部所分离的菌株均为岗底斯山型。结论：西藏地区是以喜玛拉雅旱獭为主要宿主的鼠疫自然疫源地，就其鼠疫菌生物学特性分析表明，藏北高原疫源地可能是青藏高原喜玛拉雅旱獭疫源地的延伸，而藏南谷地可能是由于有天然屏障的存在，形成了自己特定的地理环境，从而表现为相对独立的一块鼠疫自然疫源地。

The biological features of Yersinia pestis isolated in Tibet

Objective To analyze the biochemical features, virulence, virulence factors, plasmids and outer membrane proteins of 116 strains of Yersinia pestis isolated from various hosts and vectors from 29 counties (cities) with plague in Tibet. The relations between the bacteria bio-community and regularity of genetic variations were studies. Methods Routine methods. Results Two biotypes were identified: Gangdis Mountain type at the northern, and Qing-Zang plateau type at the southern and southwestern Tibet, each covered certain area, and demarcated naturally by the Nianqing-tanggula Mountain. Conclusion Marmota himalayana is the main host of the plague natural foci in Tibet. The biological feature of Y. pestis isolated from this region showed that the natural foci of northern Tibet was extended from Qinghai, and the southern natural foci in southwestern Tibet were independent ones.