清远市279名儿童生长发育的追踪研究

目的]了解清远市儿童体格发育状况,为进一步开展健康教育和健康促进提供科学依据。方法]人体测量法,测量采用清远市279名儿童的身高、体重、胸围及头围,包括142名男童,137名女童,年龄2.5～4.0岁,测量时间自2003年9月～2006年9月。结果]身高男童平均增高19.03～21.84cm,女童平均增加19.34～22.72cm。体重男童平均增加5.93～6.31kg,女童平均增加6.04～6.30kg。胸围男童平均增加4.74～5.42cm,女童平均增加4.03～4.76cm。克托莱指数随年龄的增长而增大,其他指数(身高头围指数、身高胸围指数、维尔维克指数和体质指数)均随年龄的增长而减少。结论]男女童体格在4年间的发育是不平衡的。形态指标低于全国9市1995年值,亦低于广州市属幼儿园2003年值,但清远市男女童形态发育符合本身的正常生长发育规律,儿童生长发育潜力有待充分发挥。

FOLLOW-UP STUDY ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF 279 CHILDREN IN QINGYUAN

Objective] To understand the growth and development of children in Qingyuan,so as to provide basis for further health education and health promotion. Methods] The anthropometry method was used to survey the body height,chest circumference and head circumference of 279 children in Qingyuan urban districts,including 142 boys and 137 girls aged from 2.5 to 4.0 years from September 2003 to September 2006. Results] The average stature for boys increased by 19.03 to 21.84cm,and for girls by 19.34 to 22.73 cm. The average body weight increased by 5.93 to 6.31 kg for boys,and by 6.04 to 6.30 kg for girls. The average girth of head increased from 2.23 to 2.79 cm for boys and from 2.07 to 2.48 cm for girls. The average chest circumference for girls increased by 4.74 to 5.42 cm,and by 4.03 to 4.76 cm for girls. Quitelet index was going up along with the increasing of age,and other indexes as stature and girth of head index,stature and girth of chest index,Verwark index and body mass index were decreased with rising of age. Conclusion] The growth and development of children were unbalance. The morphological targets were lower than the average level of 9 cities in 1995. Also,they were lower when compared with the average level of Guangzhou municipal kindergartens in 2003,but physique growth of boys and girls in Qingyuan were in line with the normal growth and development law,the growth potentiality of children remained to be fully development.