2013——2021年郑州地区10 664例患者常见过敏原流行特征分析*

摘要:目的分析郑州地区10 664例过敏性疾病患者常见过敏原的流行特征。方法选取2013年1月至2021年8月在本院就诊且进行血清过敏原筛查的患者10 664例,对其血清过敏原slgE检测结果进行回顾性分析。结果10 664例患者的过敏原slgE总阳性率为69.82%。吸入性过敏原slgE阳性率高于食物性(X =99.15,P<0.01)。吸入性过敏原sl.gE构成比前3位分别为草树组合、尘螨组合、嶂螂;食物性过敏原slgE构成比前3位分别为鸡蛋白、牛奶、海鲜组合。男性患者食物性过敏原sIgE阳性率高于女性(X=8.18,P<0.01)。幼儿期食物性过敏原sIgE阳性率最高(X=125.92,P<0.05 ) ;学龄组、学龄前组吸入性过敏原sIgE阳性率最高(X=283.76,P<0.01)。嶂螂、屋尘slgE占比呈逐年下降趋势,牛奶、花生羊肉及海鲜组合sIgE占比逐年上升。结论―郑州地区吸入性及食物性过敏原sIgE抗体阳性率构成比前3位分别为草树组合、尘螨、嶂螂及鸡蛋白、牛奶、海鲜组合。近年来需注意牛奶、花生、羊肉及海鲜过敏的情况。

Analysis of the epidemic characteristics of common allergens in 10 664 patients in Zhengzhou area from 2013 to 2021

Abstract : Ohjective To invesitgate the epideniological characteristics of common allergens in 10 664 patients with allergic diseasesin Zhengzhou area.Methods A total of 10 664 patients visited our hospial and underwent serum allergen screening during January2013 and August 2021 were selectedl , and their serum slgE results were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsThe total positive rate ofslgE to allergens in 10 664 patients was 69.82%. The positive rate of sIgE to inhalant allergens was significantly higher than that to in-gestive allergrens(X=99.15，P<0.01).The top three inhalant allergens were grass and tree combination , dust mite combination， andcockrach. The top three ingestive allergens were egg protein，milk , and seafood combination.Tlhe positive rate of slgE to ingestive al-lergens in males was significantly higher than that in females (X''=8.18,P<0.01 ). The highest positive rate of slgE to ingestive aller-gens was found in the early childhood period ( = 125.92,P<0.05) . The highest positive rate of sIgE to imhalant allergens was foundin the school-age and preschool periods (X''=283.76, P<0.01 ).The proportions of sIgE to cockroach and house dust mite showed a de-creasing trend year by year，while the proportions of sIgE to milk, peanut , lamb, and seafood combination showed an increasing trendyear by year. Concusion The top three inhalant and ingestive allergens in Zhengzhou area are grass and tree combination , dust mite,cockroach and egg protein，milk ,seafood combination，respectively. In recent years，the allergies to milk ,peanut lamb，and seafood should be paid attention.