藤黄酸抗肿瘤作用机制及联合用药研究进展

恶性肿瘤是全球面临的共同难题，同时也给世界各国带来了超负荷的经济负担。藤黄酸是藤黄Garcinia hanburyi中一种笼状呫吨酮类活性成分，具有抗炎、改善视网膜病变、脏器保护等多种药理活性。近年来，大量研究证实藤黄酸可作为一种潜力巨大的抗肿瘤化合物用于肝癌、肺癌、乳腺癌、结直肠癌等多种癌症的治疗，其机制涉及抑制细胞增殖、阻碍迁移和侵袭、诱导凋亡和自噬、抑制血管生成、诱导铁死亡和焦亡、靶向肿瘤炎症微环境和免疫调控等。此外，大量研究发现藤黄酸可与多种化疗药物或天然产物联合用于癌症的协同治疗。因此，重点总结了藤黄酸的抗肿瘤作用机制及其协同其他药物抗肿瘤的研究进展，为藤黄酸抗肿瘤研究提供参考依据。

Research progress on antitumor mechanisms and combination therapies of gambogic acid

Malignant tumors are a common global problem, which bring an overloaded economic burden to countries around the world. Gambogic acid is a caged xanthone bioactive component derived from Tenghuang (Garcinia hanburyi), which endows various pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, retinopathy improvement, organ protection and so on. In recent years, a large number of investigations have confirmed that gambogic acid can be applied as an antitumor compound with great potential in the treatment of liver cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer and others, its mechanism involves in inhibiting cell proliferation, impeding migration and invasion, inducing apoptosis and autophagy, inhibiting angiogenesis, inducing ferroptosis and pyroptosis, targeting tumor inflammatory microenvironment, immune regulation and so on. Additionally, numerous researches have reported that gambogic acid also can be utilized in combination with various chemotherapy agents or natural products for the synergistic treatment of cancers. Therefore, this paper focuses on summarizing the antitumor mechanism of gambogic acid and its research progress in synergistic antitumor effects with other agents, providing a reference for the antitumor research of gambogic acid.