湖北省县级疾病预防控制中心卫生人力资源配置公平性分析

目的：分析2020年湖北省县级疾病预防与控制中心卫生人力资源配置的公平性并进行可视化呈现，为优化基层疾病预防控制机构人才队伍建设提供参考。方法：运用洛伦茨曲线(Lorenz curve)和基尼系数(Gini coefficient)衡量县级疾病预防控制中心卫生人力资源配置公平性，运用莫兰指数(Moran''s I)分析空间集聚效应，绘制LISA图对聚集效应进行可视化呈现。结果：卫生人力资源按常住人口和地理面积配置的Gini系数分别为0.53、0.85。按常住人口和地理面积配置的全局Moran''s I分别为0.22、0.46，说明存在空间聚集性，通过计算局部Moran''s I所绘制LISA图显示低—低型区域主要集中在人口密度高的鄂东、鄂中地区以及地理面积广的鄂西地区。结论：湖北省县级疾病预防控制中心卫生人力资源公平性有待提高，空间分布欠合理，政府在制定基层卫生人力资源政策时，需要同时考虑人口和空间因素规划卫生技术人员分布。

Analysis of the equity of health human resources allocation of County-level Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Hubei

Objective: To analyze and visualize equity of health human resources allocation in Hubei County-level Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2020, and to provide reference for optimizing the construction of disease control talent team. Methods: Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient were used to measure the equity of health human resources allocation in county-level CDC, and Moran index was used to analyze the spatial agglomeration effect, meanwhile LISA diagram was drawn to visually present the agglomeration effect. Results: The Gini coefficient of health human resources allocation by permanent population and geographical area were 0.53 and 0.85, respectively. The global Moran''s I index based on the permanent population and geographical area is 0.22 and 0.46, indicating that there was spatial aggregation, and the LISA plot based on the calculation of local Moran index shows that low-low-type regions are mainly concentrated in eastern and central Hubei with high population density and western Hubei regions with a wide geographical area. Conclusions: The equity and spatial distribution of health human resources in county-level CDC in Hubei province need to be improved. It is suggested that the government consider both demographic and spatial factors in planning the distribution of health technicians when formulating human resources for health policies at the primary level.