海宁市居民糖尿病健康教育干预效果评估

目的：了解海宁市居民对糖尿病相关知识的知晓情况,评价健康教育的效果。方法：随机抽取参与中国糖尿病基层培训项目的25个社区共1 000人,开展为期1年的各种形式的健康教育活动,干预前后进行问卷调查,同时对糖尿病人自我管理行为进行调查。结果：干预后糖尿病患者、高危人群及普通居民三类人群糖尿病的症状、诊断依据、高危人群定义、糖尿病的危害、糖尿病的危险因素、糖尿病饮食及治疗等的知晓率均高于干预前（χ2〉3.84,P〈0.01）;干预后糖尿病患者进行体育锻炼及自觉改变不良饮食和生活方式的比例分别由64.57%和76.96%提高到82.17%和99.78%（χ2=7.419,P〈0.01;χ2=25.989,P〈0.01）。结论：通过进行一定频度的系统的健康教育,可以明显提高居民的糖尿病知识知晓程度,提高糖尿病患者的自我管理技能。

Evaluation of diabetes health education intervention effect in Haining city

Objective To know about Haining residents’ awareness of diabetes mellitus,in order to evaluate the effectiveness of health education.Methods Twenty-five communities（1000people）were randomly selected to participate in grass-roots level training programs of Chinese diabetes mellitus.A one-year health education activities were carried out in various forms,and questionnaire survey was conducted before and after the intervention.Simultaneously,self-management behavior was investigated among diabetic patients.Results After the intervention,the awareness of symptoms of diabetes,diagnostic basis,the definition of high risk people,the hazard,risk factors,the diet and therapy among diabetic patients,high-risk groups and healthy population was higher as compared with pre-intervention,and the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.01）.The rates of diabetic patients conducting physical exercise and altering poor diet and lifestyle were increasing from 64.57%and76.96%to 82.17% and 99.78% respectively,and the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.01）.Conclusions Conducting a certain frequency of systematic health education can significantly improve the awareness of diabetes mellitus,and increase self-management skills of diabetic patients.