孤独症谱系障碍儿童脑发育的研究进展

近年来关于孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)脑的结构、神经通路和神经元兴奋性方面的研究进展很快,研究发现在儿童早期即可通过影像学和脑电图检查发现ASD患者脑发育的异常,如胼胝体结构的异常,白质神经通路的混乱等改变。此外,发现部分神经元的兴奋性异常与ASD行为学改变有关,其兴奋性与某种受体活性和某种信号传导通路有关,这有助于解释ASD患者发病机制、行为学表现等,同时,相关生物学改变也有助于协助ASD的诊断并成为ASD治疗干预的切入点。

Research progress on the brain development of children with autism spectrum disorders

Researches on the structure,neural pathways and neuronal excitability of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have progressed rapidly in recent years. Studies indicated that abnormalities of brain development in ASD children can be found in early childhood by imaging and elctroencephalogram(EEG) examination,such as abnormalities in the corpus callosum and confusions in the nerve pathways of the white matter.On the other hand,the excitability abnormalities of some neurons is related to the behavioral changes of ASD,and the abnormalities were related to some receptor activities and some signaling pathways. These findings are helpful to explain the pathogenesis mechanism and behavioral manifestation of ASD,and related biological changes could also help to diagnose ASD and provide a breakthrough point for the treatment of ASD.