宁夏贫困地区婴幼儿营养包服用情况及影响因素

目的 了解宁夏贫困地区婴幼儿营养包服用情况并对其影响因素进行分析。方法 2017-2018年期间,采用多阶段PPS抽样调查法和随机等距抽样相结合的方法,对宁夏7个贫困县(区)2 120名6~24月龄婴幼儿看护人进行问卷调查分析,内容包括婴幼儿出生基本情况、营养包服用、看护人喂养和营养知识情况等。结果 婴幼儿营养包有效服用率为80.3%,汉族营养包有效服用率高于回族,无不适反应高于有不适反应,随着婴幼儿月龄增加有效服用率升高,母亲、父亲学历越高有效服用率越高,不同民族、月龄、不适反应、母亲学历组间的差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析显示,汉族(OR=0.635,95%CI:0.487~0.827,P=0.001)、无不适反应(OR=0.286,95%CI:0.192~0.425,P<0.001)、月龄(OR=0.970,95%CI:0.951~0.990,P=0.003)为婴幼儿营养包食用依从性保护因素,母亲年龄是其危险因素(OR=1.023,95%CI:1.002~1.045,P=0.029)。结论 宁夏贫困地区婴幼儿营养包食用依从性有待进一步提高,需针对其影响因素采取相关干预措施。

Status and influencing factors of nutrients package usage among infants and toddlers in poor areas of Ningxia

Objective Toinvestigate status and influencing factors of nutrients package usage among infants and toddlers in poor areas of Ningxia from 2017 to 2018. Methods A multi-stage PPS combined with random equipment sampling was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 2 120 caregivers of 6 to 24-month-old infants in 7 poverty-stricken areas in Ningxia. The contents included infants' basic birth status, nutritional packages, and caregiver' knowledge on nutrition and feeding. Results The rate of effective use of nutritional packages in Ningxia was 80.3%. The rate of effective use of nutritional packages of Han nationality was higher than that of the Hui nationality, and the number of no discomfort reaction was higher than that of the discomfort reaction. With the increasing age of infants and toddlers, the rate of effective taking nutritional packages increased. The higher the mother's and father's degree was, the higher the rate of effective use would be. Differences on the rate of taking nutritional packages in children at different nationality, age, discomfort reaction and mother's educational level groups were statistically significant(P<0.05). Multivariate non-conditional Logistic The Han nationality (OR=0.635,95%CI:0.487-0.827,P=0.001), no discomfort (OR=0.286,95%CI:0.192-0.425,P<0.001) and age of months(OR=0.970,95%CI:0.951-0.990,P=0.003) were the protective factors for Nutrients package compliance. Conclusion The edible compliance of nutritional packages for food consumption in impoverished areas in Ningxia needs to be further improved, and it is suggested to take relevant intervention measures targeting the influencing factors.