学龄前儿童屏幕暴露与家庭养育环境的相关性分析

目的分析铜陵市学龄前儿童屏幕暴露与家庭养育环境的相关性,从而为家长提供正确的家庭养育干预指导。方法于2017年12月采用随机整群抽样方法,抽取铜陵市10所幼儿园3~6岁儿童进行回顾性调查研究,采用自行设计的问卷及“城市3~6岁儿童家庭养育环境量表”作为研究工具。共获得有效问卷1817份,其中男童981人、女童836人。采用t检验、方差分析、相关分析对数据进行分析。结果学龄前儿童屏幕暴露在学习日、周末以及一周平均时间>2h/d的检出率分别为34.8%、30.7%、38.2%,同时暴露于2种以上类型产品的有81.3%。较差家庭养育环境检出率为14.58%,父母文化程度越低,家庭养育环境越差(父亲文化程度OR=1.489、母亲文化程度OR=1.503,P<0.001)。学习日、周末、一周平均屏幕暴露是否>2h/d组间的家庭养育环境各因子得分以及总分经比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。屏幕暴露时间与家庭养育环境总分负相关(r=-0.169,P<0.001)。结论儿童屏幕暴露与家庭养育环境相关,树立正确的家庭养育理念,指导改进养育方式,有利于改善屏幕暴露过度现象。

Correlation analysis of electronic screen exposure and family rearing environment in preschool children

Objective To analyze the correlation between screen exposure and family rearing environment of preschool children in Tongling,in order to provide parents with correct guidance on family rearing intervention. Methods A random cluster sampling method was adopted to investigate 3-6-year-old children in 10 kindergartens in Tongling retrospectively in December 2017. A self-designed questionnaire and the "Family Parenting Environment Scale for Urban 3-6-year-old Children" were used as the research tools. Totally 1 817 valid questionnaires were obtained,of which 981 were boys and 836 were girls. Data were analyzed by t test,ANOVA and correlation analysis. Results The detection rates of electronic screen excessive exposure on study days,weekends and more than 2 h/d one week were 34.8%,30.7% and 38.2%. At the same time,81.3% were exposed to more than 2 types of products simultaneously. The detection rate of poor family rearing environment was 14.58%. Lower degree of education of parents indicated worse family rearing environment (father's educational level OR=1.489,mother's educational level OR=1.503,P<0.001). Factors score and the total score of family rearing environment were significantly different in different screen exposure time groups of study days,weekends and the average time of one week (P<0.05). Electronic screen exposure time was negatively correlated with the total score of the family rearing environment(r=-0.169,P<0.001). Conclusions Electronic screen exposure is related to family rearing environment. Parents should Establishing correct concept of family rearing environment and improving parenting style will help to control excessive exposure of electronic screen.