大鼠吸入全氟异丁烯致急性肺损伤形态学改变

目的探讨大鼠吸入PFIB所致急性肺损伤的早期肺脏形态学改变的特点。方法 动态观察大鼠吸入PFIB后24 h、72 h时肺脏在光镜、电镜下的改变。结果在24 h点,肺脏表面充血、淤血明显,触感变硬;光镜（10×10）下可看到肺泡萎陷、水肿、出血、红细胞淤滞;透射电镜下看到Ⅰ、Ⅱ型上皮细胞内细胞器（板层体、线粒体、内质网）及细胞核均出现不同程度的损伤改变;在72 h点,肺表面淤血、肿胀减轻。光镜（10×10）下肺泡萎陷、水肿等较24 h点明显减轻;透射电镜下看到Ⅰ、Ⅱ型上皮细胞内细胞器的损伤程度减轻。结论 在急性肺损伤早期,肺内炎性细胞（中性粒细胞及巨噬细胞）聚集,Ⅰ、Ⅱ型上皮细胞内重要细胞器发生损伤性改变。在肺内存在微循环紊乱。在72 h点巨噬细胞比例明显增加,Ⅰ、Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞损伤出现恢复迹象。

Lung Morphologic Changes of Mice With Acute Lung Injury Induced by Inhalation of Perfluoroisobutelene

Objective To investigate lung morphologic changes of mice at early stage of acute lung injury induced by inhalation of Perfluoroisobutelene（PFIB）.Methods By dynamic observation（24 h,72 h post inhalation of PFIB respectively） of light and electron microscopic changes of lung of mice.Results At 24h post inhalation,remarkable congestion and swelling were seen at lung surface,and the lung got much harder than usual,feeling solid.Under light microscope（10×10）,several lesions in lung were observed,including pulmonary alveoli collapse,edema,hemorrhage,filling up of red cells in small vessel;under transmission electro microscope,organelles（such as lamellatedbody,mitochondria and endoplasmicre） andnu within both typeⅠand typeⅡlung itheliums showed more or less morphologic abnormalities.At 72h post inhalation,congestion and swelling at lung surface obviously relieved;under light microscope（10×10）,lung micoscopic lesions（pulmonary alveoli collapse,edema,etc.）relieved compared with those of 24h;under transmission electromicroscope,organelles within both typeⅠand typeⅡlung epitheliums showed signs of relif.Conclusion At early stage of ALI,inflammatory cells（including neutrophil and macrophage） accumulate in lung parenchyma,vital organelles within both typeⅠand typeⅡlung epitheliums show morphologic abnormalities due to injury.Microcirculation abnormalities exist with lung during ALI period.At 72h post inhalation,the proportion of macrophage in lung obviously increases,and both types of pulmonary epitheliums show signs of relief.