2014-2018年荆州市农村生活饮用水水质监测结果分析

目的了解荆州市农村生活饮用水卫生状况和变化趋势,为农村生活饮用水安全管理工作提供科学依据和技术支撑。方法依据GB/T 5750-2006《生活饮用水标准检测方法》对2014-2018年荆州市农村生活饮用水进行监测,按照GB 5749-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》对结果进行评价。结果 2014-2018年共检测2 225份水样,合格1 525份,总体合格率为68.54%,其中2017年水质合格率最高,为73.65%,与其他年份合格率相比差异有统计学意义(χ^2=10.20,P<0.05);枯水期水质合格率高于丰水期,其差异有统计学意义(χ^2=3.03,P<0.05);出厂水水质合格率略高于末梢水,其差异没有统计学意义(χ^2=0.28,P>0.05);不合格项目主要是微生物指标:总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群,感官性状和一般化学指标:肉眼可见物、浑浊度、铁,其合格率均小于95%。结论荆州市农村生活饮用水微生物指标超标情况普遍,存在暴发介水传染病的风险,仍应进一步加强农村饮水安全工作。

Analysis of monitoring results of rural drinking water quality in Jingzhou,2014-2018

Objective To find out the drinking water hygiene status and the changing trend in rural areas of JingzhouCity, and provide a scientific basis and technical support for rural drinking water safety management.Methods According to GB/T 5750-2006 "Standard Test Method for Drinking Water", the rural drinking water in Jingzhou City will be monitored in 2014-2018, and the results will be evaluated according to GB 5749-2006 "Sanitary Standard for Drinking Water".Results A total of 2 225 water samples were tested from 2014 to 2018, while 1 525 samples were qualified, and the qualification rate was 68.54 %. The highest qualified rateof water samples was in 2017(73.65 %), and the difference among years was statistically significant( χ^2=10.20,P<0.05). The water quality pass rate in dry season is higher than that in the wet season, and the difference is statistically significant(χ^2=3.03,P<0.05). The qualified rate of water quality of the factory water is slightly higher than that of the terminal water, and the difference is not statistically significant(χ^2=0.28,P>0.05). The unqualified items are mainly microbial indicators: Total coliform, Heat-resistant coliform, sensory traits and general chemical indicators: Visible to the naked eye, Turbidity,Iron, all pass rate are less than 95 %.Conclusions The microbiological indicators of drinking water in rural areas of Jingzhou City are generally exceeded, and there is a risk of outbreaks of water-borne infectious diseases. The work of drinking water in rural areas should be further strengthened.